Drugs affecting the cardiovascular & renal

Question 1

adverse effects of ace inhibitors

Answer 1

dry cough
headaches
fatigue

Question 2

hypertensive emergency which drug is used to lower bp?

Answer 2

sodium nitroprusside
(vasodilator)

Question 3

beta blockers adverse effects

Answer 3

edema and sob

Question 4

side effects of alpha blockers include

Answer 4

orthostatic hypotension-change positions slowly

Question 5

Linsopril if taken should only be abruptly stopped if what occurs

Answer 5

angiodema

Question 6

Which antihypertensives are considered more effective in white patients than in African-American patients?

Answer 6

beta blockers and ace inhibitors

Question 7

Which antihypertensives are considered more effective in African-American patients than in white patients?

Answer 7

calcium channel blockers
diuretics

Question 8

need to avoid excessive exercise, hot climates, saunas, hot tubs, and hot environments. Heat may precipitate vasodilation and lead to worsening of

Answer 8

hypotension

Question 9

primary hypertension

Answer 9

essential hypertension

Question 10

THE MAJOR GROUPS OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVES ARE

Answer 10

DIURETICS
ALPHA BLOCKERS
CENTRALLY ACTING ALPHA BLOCKERS
BETA BLOCKERS
ACE INHIBITORS
VASODILATORS
CCBs (CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS)
ARBs (ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR BLOCKERS)

Question 11

Angiotensin receptor blockers rbcs

Answer 11

decrease in blood pressure

Question 12

CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS (CCBs) MAY BE USED TO TREAT

Answer 12

ANGINA
DYSRRHYTHMIA’S
HYPERTENSION
AND HELP REDUCE BLOOD PRESSURE BY CAUSING SMOOTH MUSCLE RELAXATION AND DILATATION OF BLOOD VESSELS. ** IF CALCIUM IS NOT PRESENT, THEN THE SMOOTH MUSCLE OF THE BLOOD VESSELS CANNOT CONTRACT.**

Question 13

WHEN GIVING ANTIHYPERTENSIVE DRUGS, THE NURSE WILL CONSIDER GIVING THE FIRST DOSE AT BEDTIME FOR WHICH CLASS OF DRUGS?

Answer 13

ALPHA BLOCKERS SUCH AS DOXAZOSIN

Question 14

WHEN A PATIENT IS BEING TAUGHT ABOUT THE POTENTIAL ADVERSE EFFECTS OF AN ACE INHIBITOR, WHICH OF THESE EFFECTS SHOULD THE NURSE MENTION AS POSSIBLY OCCURRING WHEN THIS DRUG IS TAKEN TO TREAT HYPERTENSION.

Answer 14

DRY, NONPRODUCTIVE COUGH
FIRST HYPOTENSIVE EFFECT:
C-COUGH
A-ANGIO EDEMA
P-PROTEINURIA
T-TASTE CHANGES
O-ORTHROSTATIC HYPOTENSTION
P-PRURITUS
R-RENAL FAILURE/RASH
L-LIVER TOXICITY/LEUKOPENIA

Question 15

contraindications for ace inhibitors

Answer 15

ACE INHIBITORS HAVE AN EFFECT ON POTASSIUM EXRETION WHICH WOULD CAUSE HYPERKALEMIA AND NSAIDS DECREASE ANTI-HTN EFFECT.

Question 16

nitroglycerin common adverse effect

Answer 16

headache

Question 17

forms of nitroglycerin

Answer 17

topical ointment
oral
continuous iv
sublingual spray

Question 18

For a patient using transdermal nitroglycerin patches, the nurse knows that the prescriber will order which procedure for preventing tolerance?

Answer 18

Remove the patch at night for 8 hours, and then apply a new patch in

Question 19

Patients who are taking beta blockers for angina need to be taught which information?

Answer 19

These drugs are for long term prevention of angina episodes

Question 20

side effect of nitrates

Answer 20

tachycardia

Question 21

Which of the following describes the rationale for the administration of nitroglycerin by the sublingual route?

Answer 21

The first pass effect is avoided

Question 22

during his morning walk, a man begins to experience chest pain. he sits down and takes one nitroglycerin sublingual tablet. after 5 minutes, the chest pain is worsening. what action would be the priority in this situation

Answer 22

call 911

Question 23

The nurse notes in the patient’s medication history that the patient is receiving a lidocaine infusion. Based on this finding, the nurse interprets that the patient has which disorder?

Answer 23

Ventricular dysrhythmias

Question 24

The nurse is administering amiodarone (Cordarone) and should monitor for which potential adverse effect?

Answer 24

pulmonary toxcity

Question 25

verapamil treats which condition

Answer 25

Recurrent paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

Question 26

A patient is experiencing a rapid dysrhythmia, and the nurse is preparing to administer adensoine (Adenocard). Which is the correct administration technique for this drug

Answer 26

It should be given as a fast intravenous push

Question 27

A patient with a rapid, irregular heart rhythm is being treated in the emergency department with adenosine. During administration of this drug, the nurse will be prepared to monitor the patient for which effect?

Answer 27

Tranasitory asystole

Question 28

When assessing a patient who has been taking amiodarone for 6 months, the nurse monitors for which potential adverse effect?

Answer 28

Photophobia

Question 29

he nurse is assessing a patient who has been taking quinidine and asks about adverse effects. An adverse effect associated with the use of this drug includes:

Answer 29

Tinnitus

Question 30

A patient calls the family practice office to report that he has seen his pills in his stools when he has a bowel movements. How will the nurse respond?

Answer 30

"What you are seeing is the wax matrix that contained the medication, but the drug has been absorbed."

Question 31

The nurse is administering lidocaine and considers which condition, if present in the patient, a caution for the use of this drug?

Answer 31

Renal dysfunction

Question 32

A patient is in the clinic for a follow-up visit. He has been taking amiodarone (Cordarone) for almost 1 year, and today he tells the nurse, "I am noticing some blue color around my face, neck, and upper arms. Is that normal?" Which is the nurse's correct response?

Answer 32

This can happend with amiodarone. I will let your doctor know about it right away."

Question 33

As part of treatment for early heart failure, a patient is started on an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor. The nurse will monitor the patient's laboratory work for which potential effect?

Answer 33

Hyperkalemia

Question 34

Before giving oral digoxin (Lanoxin), the nurse discovers that the patient's radial pulse is 52 beats/min. What will be the nurse's next action?

Answer 34

Check the apical pulse for 1 minute

Question 35

what can cause digoxin toxicity?

Answer 35

Low potassium levels increase the chance of digoxin toxicity. -nausea vomiting -bradycardia -anorexia -visual changes

Question 36

A patient who has heart failure will be started on an oral ACE inhibitor. While monitoring the patient's response to this drug therapy, which laboratory tests would be a priority?

Answer 36

potassium bun creatine

Question 37

When teaching the patient about the signs and symptoms of cardiac glycoside toxicity, the nurse should alert the patient to watch for

Answer 37

Flickering lights or halos around lights

Question 38

A patient is taking a beta blocker as part of the treatment plan for heart failure. The nurse knows that the purpose of the beta blocker for this patient is to

Answer 38

Prevent simulation of the heart by catecholamines

Question 39

qrs complex

Answer 39

ventricular depolarization

Question 40

p wave

Answer 40

atrial contraction, depolarization

Question 41

t wave

Answer 41

ventricular repolarization, rest

Question 42

beta blocker

Answer 42

negative inotropic, chronotropic, dromotropic -mask symptoms of hypoglycemia in patients with Diabetes -can exaberate chf bronchoconstriction can lead to resp problems ATENOLOL-used after MI contraindicated heart block, bradycardia METOPROLOL- ESMOLOL-used for ventricular dysrhythmias

Question 43

Hr less than 60

Answer 43

don't give

Question 44

Hemodialysis (toxcity)

Answer 44

removal of captopril and lisinopril

Question 45

Diltiazem

Answer 45

afib,svt,flutters -action decrease contractility and conductivity and slow down hr

Question 46

thiazide diuretic

Answer 46

hypertensive crisis -nitroprusside anti hypertensive

Question 47

cardiac glycosides

Answer 47

no longer used as first line digoxin is the prototype-narrow index high toxicity( 0.5-2) Antidote digibind +inotropic +chronotropic -dromotropic

Question 48

lidocaine

Answer 48

treatment for vent dysrhythmias IV

Question 49

amiodarone

Answer 49

prolong action potentials difficult dysrhythmias life threating

Question 50

Afib

Answer 50

controlled less than 100 uncontrolled more than 100 -irregular rhythm -p wave qrs <0.12 Diltiazem

Question 51

atrial flutter

Answer 51

pwave saw tooth rate 250-350bpm rhythm can be regular or irregular Amiodarone

Question 52

If taking beta blockers contact health provider if notice

Answer 52

weight gain 2-3 pounds in one day or 5 in a week

Question 53

ventricular fib

Answer 53

rhythm is irregular no p waves qrs not detectable epinephrine

Question 54

ventricular tachycardia

Answer 54

regular rhythm no p waves qrs wide and bizarre. 0.12 metoprolol amiodarone

Question 55

Pregnant women with high blood pressure use

Answer 55

methyldopa