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AT 541 > Drugs and Athletics > Flashcards

Drugs and Athletics Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

What is a drug?

A
  • chemical agent used in prevention, treatment and diagnosis of disease
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2
Q

Dispensing vs. Adminstering

A

ATs dispense

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3
Q

Administration of Drugs

A
  • much reach receptor tissue to be effective
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4
Q

Internal Administration

A
  • inhalation
  • intradermal
  • intramuscular
  • intranasal
  • intraspinal
  • intravenous
  • oral
  • rectal
  • sublingual
  • intravaginal
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5
Q

External Administration

A
  • Inunctions
  • ointments
  • pastes
  • plasters
  • transdermal patches
  • solutions
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6
Q

Legal Concerns

A

dispensing constitutes providing a sufficient quantity to be used for multiple doses

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7
Q

Traveling with Medications

A
  • athletes should carry medication with them
  • do not store in luggage
  • keep medication in original container
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8
Q

Drugs to combat infection

A
  • antiseptics
  • disinfectants
  • germicides
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9
Q

Germicidies

A
  • designed to destroy bacteria

- fungicides, sporicides, and sanitizers

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10
Q

Alcohol

A
  • most widely used skin disinfectant
  • kills bacteria immediately with the exception of spores
  • can be used as an antiseptic or astringent
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11
Q

Phenol

A
  • lysol

- used to control disease organisms

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12
Q

Halogens

A
  • chlorine
  • bromine
  • fluoride
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13
Q

Oxidizing agents

A
  • hydrogen peroxide

- decomposes in the presence of organic substances and has little use as an antiseptic

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14
Q

Antibiotics

A
  • used topically or as a systemic medication
  • you MUST finish the course of antibiotics for it to be effective
  • it disrupts the metabolic process of pathogenic microorganisms
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15
Q

Bacitracin

A

anti-bacterial agent

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16
Q

Tetracycline

A
  • wide group of antibiotics that have broad antibacterial spectrum
  • taken orally usually
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17
Q

Sulfonamides

A
  • used for urinary tract and skin infections
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18
Q

Goals of Asthma Therapy

A
  • prevent chronic and troublesome symptoms
  • maintain normal lung function
  • prevent exacerbation
  • provide adequate pharmacotherapy with minimal adverse effects
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19
Q

Asthma

A
  • often individuals become dependent on inhalers

- its useful to have a 2nd inhaler around b/c they will forget

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20
Q

Counteriritants/Local Anesthetics

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A
  • spray coolants
  • menthol
  • give relief by causing systemic and topical analgesia
  • local injectable anesthetics athletes can NOT play
21
Q

Narcotic Analgesics

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A
  • codeine
  • morphine
  • meperidine
  • *prescribed
22
Q

Non-Narcotic Analgesics and Antipyretics

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A
  • designed to suppress pain without losing consciousness

- Tylenol

23
Q

Tylenol

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A
  • acetaminophen
  • over-injestion can lead to liver damage/death
  • it is not an anti-inflammatory
24
Q

Drugs to Reduce Inflammation

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A
  • Acetylsalicylic Acid (Asprin)
  • anti-inflammatory
  • over injestion can lead to tinnitus, dizziness
  • alergic reactions can result in anaphylaxis
25
IBUprofen
- NSAID - anti-inflammatory (but not for 14 days) - can cause GI reactions, headache, depression - associated with increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events
26
Corticosteroids
- used primarily for chronic inflammation of musculoskeletal and joint problems - usually injected - also through ionto/phonophoresis - can cause disturbances
27
Drugs that Produce Skeletal Muscle Relaxation
- methocarbamol, cyclobenzaprine, and carisoprodol | - used to eliminate muscle guarding and spasm
28
Drugs Used to Treat GI Disorders
- includes stomach upset, gas formation due to food incompatibilities, acute or chronic hyperacidity - antacids * relief of acid indigestion, heart burn, peptic ulcers
29
Antimetics
- used to treat nausea and vomiting - works locally (lining of stomach) - works centrally (makes brain less sensitive to nerve impulses from inner ear and stomach)
30
Carminatives
- inhibit gas formation
31
Cathartics
- laxatives - must be under direct supervision of physician - may cause electrolyte imbalance
32
Antidiarrheals
- diarrhea tends to be a symptom, not a disease | - result of emotional stress, allergies, adverse drug reaction, intestinal problems
33
Acute Diarrhea
- accompanied by chills, vomiting, intense abdominal cramps/pain - will typically run it's course and stop when irritating agent is removed from system
34
Chronic Diarrhea
- may last for days or weeks and may be the result of more serious disease states
35
Nasal Decongestants
- combat meth epidemic act | - bans OTC retail sales of cold meds with pseudoephedrine
36
Cough Medications
- suppress cough (antitussives) or produce fluid in respiratory system (excectorant)
37
Antihistamines
- often added to decongestants - beneficial in allergies - impairs body's ability to dissipate heat
38
Sympathomimetics
- often used to reduce spasm of bronchiole smooth muscle - EpiPen (epinephrine) * *pay attention to athletes in heat w/use of histamines
39
Drugs to Control Bleeding
- Vasoconstrictors | - Hemostatic Agents (quikclot, hemcon)
40
Anticoagulants
- heparin | * doesn't desolve clot
41
Drugs that Can Increase the Rate of Heat Illness
- anticholinergics/antihistamines (decrease sweating) - sympathomimetic amines - diuretics (alters volume expansion and cutaneous vasodilation) - phenothiazines (hot/cold reg)
42
Record Keeping
- must maintain accurate and up to date medical records - quantity of medication - method of administration
43
Medical Records
- name - complaint - current medications - any known drug allergies - name of medication - lot number - expiration date - quantity of given - method of admin - date/time of admin
44
Managing a Drug Overdose
- call EMS | - call Poison control center
45
Drug Testing in Athletics
- purpose is to identify individuals who have problems with drug abuse - NCAA and USOC routinely test
46
The Drug Test
- NCAA requires all athletes to sign consent form agreeing to participate in testing throughout the year - during the test, athlete provides identification and urine sample under direct supervision
47
Sanctions for NCAA
1st: minimum one year suspension | 2nd +: positives can result in lifetime disqualification
48
USOC
range from 3 months to 24 months depending on drug for first time offense *lifetime ban for successive positive tests
49
High School
national federation of state high school associations does not have a banned substance list or policies on testing

AT 541 (10 decks)

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