Drugs and Crime Flashcards
(117 cards)
1
Q
Any substance other than food affects structure or function of body or mind is a
A
Drug
2
Q
Substance that affects mental processes
A
Psychoactive
3
Q
Manufacturing, sale, and procession is illegal under American law. -heroine
A
Illicit drug
4
Q
Drugs that are legal
—-Advil
A
Licit drug
5
Q
Condition which individual feels compulsive need to take a drug. Drug controls the persons life
A
Drug dependence
6
Q
Motivation for taking drug for specific purpose other than getting high
A
Instrumental use
7
Q
Drug for medicinal purposes
A
Recreational
8
Q
Drug taking behavior resulting in form of physical and mental impairment
A
Drug abuse
9
Q
Prescription or no prescription used improperly
A
Drug misuse
10
Q
Harm a drug might present the user
A
Drug toxicity
11
Q
Harm a drug might present user soon after drug is ingested
A
Acute toxicity
12
Q
Quantity of drug taken, milligrams micrograms
A
Dose
13
Q
Curve is S shaped graph showing increasing probability of certain effects as dose level rises
A
Dose response
14
Q
Minimal dose of drug necessary to produce intended effect in a percentage of population
A
Effective dose
15
Q
Minimal dose of a drug capable of producing death in a percentage of the population
A
Lethal dose
16
Q
Measure of drugs relative safety use - ratio of lethal dose for 50% of population over affective dose
A
Therapeutic index
17
Q
Lethal dose 1% of population to effective dose for 99% of population
A
Margins of safety
18
Q
Drug Abuse Warning Network- federal program which hospitals report the income of drug related emergencies
A
DAWN Reports
19
Q
Business responsible for manufacturing and distribution and sale of illicit drugs
A
Global illicit drug trade
20
Q
Annual overview of developments in drug market
A
World drug report
21
Q
14% of Americans use this drug
A
Marijuana
22
Q
Southeast Asia dominate the source of heroine production
A
Golden triangle
23
Q
Southwest Asia currently the source of heroine
A
Golden Crescent
24
Q
3rd largest producer of heroine is
A
Mexicooooooo
25
4th largest source of heroine is
South America
26
Source of cocoa found in rainforests in South America
Cocoa shrub
27
Colombia based cartels operated thru Bolivia, Peru, Honduras, and U.S. In 70s and 80s
Medeline Cali Cartels
28
Mexico is major source of
Marijuana
29
Marijuana is produced in
Mountainous areas
30
Crystal powder composed of ephedrine and pseudo-ephedrine
Meth
31
Hallucinogen which is white odorless substance
LSD
32
Drug used as anesthetic
Phencyclidine -pcp-
33
Traffickers influence policies of govt or society thru violence hinder enforcement of anti drug laws
Narcoterrorism
34
Operate without specific allegiances
Transitional narcoterrorism
35
800 prescriptions for ailments
Ebyrs-papryus
36
Use of morphine and a syringe
Medical advances
37
Cocaine was used in
Soft drinks and to help combat colds
38
Relaxed public opinion no agencies to monitor medical professional separation of church and state and federal powers
Laissez-faire attitude
39
Advocate of renunciation of alcohol consumption 1820s
Temperance movement
40
Property medicine mace and marketed under patent and available with no prescription
Patent medicine
41
requires all packed food and drugs to list ingredients on label
Pure Food and Drug Act 1996
42
Special tax placed on all persons who produce import make and deal and sell opium and cocoa
Harrison Narcotic Act
43
Outlawed production and sale of alcohol
18 amendment
44
Carried out intent of 18th Amendment under US dept treasury
Volsteadt Act
45
Federal organization tasked to enforce Harrison Act
Federal Bureau of Narcotics
46
Tax on buyers sellers importers growers physicians and any other persons dealing marijuana prescribed professionally
Marijuana Tax Act
47
Act increased penalty for all drug violations for marijuana and narcotics lumped together
Boggs Act
48
Further increased penalties for drug violations
Narcotics Cartel Act
49
This act established classification based on medical use dependence and abuse
Comprehensive drug abuse prevention act
50
Created by Nixon , created unified group to combat global drug problems
Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)
51
Limits on sale of over counter meds
Combat Meth Epidemic Act
52
Increased federal ability to tap phones and wireless devices monitor Internet comms, tighten money laundering and protect borders
USA Patriot Act
53
Mandatory minimum sentences for drug violations; 100:1
Anti drug abuse act
54
Increased penalties for violations of controlled substance act and expand asset forfeiture laws
Comprehensive crime control act
55
High potential abuse no medical use and severe dependence
Schedule 1
56
High abuse some med use and severe dependence
Schedule 2
57
High abuse accepted medical use moderate dependence
Schedule 3
58
Low abuse accepted med use low dependence
Schedule 4
59
Minimal abuse widespread medical use low dependence
Schedule 5
60
State resulting from chronic dog use that produces tolerance in which negative physical symptoms of withdrawal result from abrupt discontinuation or dosage reduction
Physical dependence
61
State in which drug user is motivated by a craving for pleasurable effects of drug or to avoid the consequences of withdrawal
Psychological dependence
62
Diagnostic term that identifies signs of dependence to psychoactive drug
Substance dependence
63
Term that identifies an individual who continues to use psychoactive drug despite knowledge of the creation of specific problems
Substance abuse
64
Drug taken by mouth and absorbed into bloodstream
Oral administration
65
Indirectly delivered into bloodstream usually with needle
Injection
66
Drug is inhaled in gaseous state
Inhalation
67
Taken thru skin or membranes and delivered thru bloodstream
Absorption
68
Slowly delivers thru skin
Transdermal patch
69
Physical and chemical process which substance produced and destroyed resulting in production of energy
Metabolism
70
Time a drug is reduced by 50% of equilibrium level on bloodstream
Elimination half life
71
Interval of time during blood levels of drug not sufficient for drug effect to be observed
Latency period
72
Property of drug interaction which combo of two drugs effects exceed effect of either one taken alone
Synergism
73
Property in which one drug combo with another produces advanced effect when one of the other ones does nothing
Potentiation
74
Effect of drug divided when taken with others
Antagonistic
75
Capacity of drug to produce diminished physiological or psychological effect upon repeated use at same dose level
Tolerance
76
Process of drug tolerance linked to drug taking behavior
Behavioral tolerance
77
Chronic use induces effect of drug not used before
Cross tolerance
78
Nobody knows it's a drug or placebo being administered
Double blind
79
Tougher offense -- violation of laws that prohibit possession use and distribution of drugs
Drug defined offense
80
Less tough offense -- drug contributes to crime
Drug related offense
81
Drug caused the crime
Psychopharmacological
82
Drug related crime, act is committed to get money for drugs
Economically impulsive offense
83
Act committed in pattern involved in drug trafficking
Systematic offense
84
Drug use and crime is indirectly connected
Inter actual circumstances
85
Users forced into crime due to circumstances
Medical model
86
Involved in crime before drug use
Predisposition model
87
Perpetuate a life of crime drug use intensifies
Intensification model
88
Manufacture, import, wholesale, retail
Stages of production and distribution
89
Dealers and buyers transact business with anonymity
Freelance model
90
Transactions conducted within hierarchical organization
Business model
91
Concealment of origins of illegally obtained drugs money by means of transfer involving banks and businesses
Money laundering
92
Opium weed plants destroyed
Crop eradication
93
Substances required for production of illicit drugs all drugs require alterations
Precursor chemicals
94
Process which u.s. can withhold foreign aid to country
Certification
95
Prevent drugs from being transported
Interdiction
96
Drug law enforcement can arrest and use guns
DEA
97
Curtailing flow of drugs on U.S soil
Border control
98
Federal agency for maritime drug interdiction
Coast guard
99
Reasonable basis for suspicion
Profiling
100
Under cover agent poses as drug dealer, sells to buyer
Reverse sting
101
Under cover dealer buys drugs under police suspicion
Controlled buy
102
Agent buys illicit drug
Under cover buy
103
No probable cause and ask if drugs are being sold
Knock talk
104
Agents ask and receive permission to search for drugs
Consent search
105
Court ordered doc says law enforcement have right to search residence or vehicles
Search warrant
106
Ppl can be charged with organized crime
Organized crime act
107
Assets are seized if used in criminal activity
Asset forfeiture
108
Law aimed to prevent infiltration of businesses by tying members to one charge
RICO
109
Found innocent are not in jeopardy by asset forfeiture
Civil asset forfeiture reform act
110
Feelings of frustration and alienation when an individual perceives themselves as not being able to meet societal demands
Strain theory
111
Bonds individuals have to society and its moral code are what keep them from breaking the law
Social control theory
112
Deviant behavior learned thru communication and interacting with other deviants
Differential association theory
113
Cultural group within larger culture who's beliefs vary from larger culture
Subculture
114
Process which self identity and behavior is determined by terms to used to describe them
Labeling theory
115
First stage of deviant identity formation
Primary deviance
116
Person internalizes deviant identity by integrating into self concept
Secondary deviance
117
Biological psychological and social factors determine human behavior
Biopsychosocial
