Drugs and the vasculature

Question 1

What is enalapril and name 3 conditions it can be used to treat?

Answer 1

PRIL= ACE inhibitor. Can be used to treat hypertension, diabetic nephropathy and heart failure.

Question 2

How do ACEi help hypertension? (2)

Answer 2

They block vasoconstriction by Ang2 which decreases TPR and they block Ang2 mediated salt and water retention, which decreases venous return, decreasing CO.
BP= TPR xCO

Question 3

How do ACEi help heart failure?

Answer 3

Thye block vasocontriction, which decreases afterload. They block salt and water retention which reduces preload and reduces oedema.

Question 4

Name 3 side effects of ACEi/ARBs

Answer 4

Hypotension. ACEi cause cough (bradykinin). Also hyperkalemia (due to reduced aldosterone secretion, aldosterone usually causes excretion of K).

Question 5

Which CCB would you use to treat hypertension?

Answer 5

Amlidopine- a dyhrydropyridine that affects VSM (non-rate slowing), hence decreasing TPR.

Question 6

Which class of drugs have th ebest side effect profile?

Answer 6

ARBs

Question 7

Name another class of drug you could use to treat hypertension?

Answer 7

a-receptor blcokers like prazosin or phentolamine