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drugs csv Flashcards

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1
Q

Furosemide

A

Loop diuretic- HF, pulmonary edema, side effects: hypokalemia, hypotension, dehydration, SULFA allergy

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2
Q

Bumetanide

A

loop diuretic: used for HF, side effects: hypokalemia, hypotension, dehydration, SULFA allergy

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3
Q

Torsemide

A

loop diuretic: used for HF, side effects: hypokalemia, hypotension, dehydration, SULFA allergy

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4
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Thiazide diuretic:- HTN, side effects increase glucose, Calcium, lipids. NOT EFFECTIVE IN RENAL DYSFUNCTION

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5
Q

Spironolactone

A

K+ sparing diuretic (Aldosterone inhibitors)- used in HF, side effects: hyperkalemia, gynecomastia

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6
Q

Eplerenone

A

K+ sparing diuretic (Aldosterone inhibitors)- used in HF, side effects: hyperkalemia, gynecomastia

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7
Q

Digoxin

A

Cardiac Glycoside (inotrope/vasopressor)-used in HF (low EF), side effects: sympathoinhibition

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8
Q

Dopamine

A

Sympathomimetic amine (inotrope/vasopressor)- HF+HTN, side effects: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

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9
Q

Dobutamine

A

Sympathomimetic amine (inotrope/vasopressor)-HF, side effects: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

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10
Q

Isoproterenol

A

Sympathomimetic amine (inotrope/vasopressor)-Bradycardia, heart block, side effects: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

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11
Q

Epinephrine

A

Sympathomimetic amine (inotrope/vasopressor)- Cardiac arrest, side effects: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

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12
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Sympathomimetic amine (inotrope/vasopressor)- HF, peripheral vasodilation, side effects: Tachycardia, arrhythmias

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13
Q

Milrinone

A

Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor (inotrope/vasopressor)-HF refractory, side effects: vasodilation, arrhythmias, RENAL FAILURE

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14
Q

Vasopressin

A

Anti-diuretic hormone (inotrope/vasopressor)- Vasodilatory shock, side effect (drop in sodium)

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15
Q

Captopril (quick acting)

A

ACE Inhibitor (vasodilators)-HF, HTN, Post MI, kidney disease in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, angioedema, AVOID IN PREGNANCY. COUGH

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16
Q

Enalapril

A

ACE Inhibitor (vasodilators)-HF, HTN, Post MI, kidney disease in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, angioedema, AVOID IN PREGNANCY. COUGH

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17
Q

Lisinopril

A

ACE Inhibitor (vasodilators)-HF, HTN, Post MI, kidney disease in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, angioedema, AVOID IN PREGNANCY. COUGH

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18
Q

Ramipril

A

ACE Inhibitor (vasodilators)-HF, HTN, Post MI, kidney disease in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, angioedema, AVOID IN PREGNANCY. COUGH

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19
Q

Trandolapril

A

ACE Inhibitor (vasodilators)-HF, HTN, Post MI, kidney disease in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, angioedema, AVOID IN PREGNANCY. COUGH

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20
Q

Candesartan

A

ARBs (vasodilators A&V)-HF, HTN, Kidney Dz in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, NO PREGNANCY.

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21
Q

Valsartan

A

ARBs (vasodilators A&V)-HF, HTN, Kidney Dz in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, NO PREGNANCY.

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22
Q

Losartan

A

ARBs (vasodilators A&V)-HF, HTN, Kidney Dz in DM, side effects: hypotension, hyperkalemia, RENAL, NO PREGNANCY.

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23
Q

Hydralazine

A

Direct Acting Vasodilators- A dilation only.- HTN, ischemic HD, SVA. , side effects: drug induced lupus, reflex tach, hypotension, headache

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24
Q

Minoxidil

A

Direct Acting Vasodilators- A dilation only.- severe HTN, side effects: reflex tachycardia, hair growth

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25
Sodium Nitroprusside
Direct Acting Vasodilators- A&V -HTN EMERGENCY, side effects: BAD. Renal, eyes/ears
26
Fenoldopam
Direct Acting Vasodilators- A dilation only.- severe HTN,
27
Verapamil
Ca Channel blockers (vasodilators)- decrease contractility, AV>SA node- HTN, ischemic HD, SVA, side effects: hypotension, bradycardia, EDEMA, CONSTIPATION, ok in renal.
28
Diltiazem
Ca Channel blockers (vasodilators)- decrease contractility, AV>SA node- HTN, ischemic HD, SVA, side effects: hypotension, bradycardia, EDEMA, CONSTIPATION, ok in renal.
29
Nefedipine
Ca Channel blockers (vasodilators) (dihydropyridine, A dilation only)-HTN, ischemic HD,
30
Amlodipine
Ca Channel blockers (vasodilators) (dihydropyridine, A dilation only)-HTN, ischemic HD, side effect: peripheral edema
31
Felodipine
Ca Channel blockers (vasodilators) (dihydropyridine, A dilation only)-HTN, ischemic HD,
32
Nitroglycerin
Organic nitrates (vasodilators) V dilation only- Ischemic HD, CHF (+hydralazine),
33
Nesiritide
Organic nitrates (vasodilators) A&V dilation- refractory HF,
34
Sildenafil
Organic nitrates (vasodilators) pulmonary dilation -viagra,
35
Clonidine
CNS a2 agonists (Antiadrenergic drugs) lowers PVR, CO, HR., used for HTN, rebound HTN on withdrawal
36
a-Methyldopa
CNS a2 agonists (Antiadrenergic drugs) lowers PVR, CO, HR., used for HTN, rebound HTN on withdrawal
37
Guanabenz
CNS a2 agonists (Antiadrenergic drugs) lowers PVR, CO, HR., used for HTN, rebound HTN on withdrawal
38
Prazosin
alpha blockers- (Antiadrenergic drugs- vasodilation)- BPH, HTN, side effect: orthostatic hypotension
39
Terazosin
alpha blockers- (Antiadrenergic drugs- vasodilation)- BPH, HTN, side effect: orthostatic hypotension
40
Doxazosin
alpha blockers- (Antiadrenergic drugs- vasodilation)- BPH, HTN, side effect: orthostatic hypotension
41
Phentolamine
alpha blockers- (Antiadrenergic drugs- vasodilation)-pheochromocytoma,
42
Phenoxybenzamine
alpha blockers- (Antiadrenergic drugs- vasodilation)-pheochromocytoma,
43
Metoprolol
Beta blockers- prolongs depolarization. lowers HR, CO, SVR, survival benefit
44
Carvedilol
Beta blockers- prolongs depolarization. lowers HR, CO, SVR, survival benefit
45
Esmolol
Beta blockers- prolongs depolarization. lowers HR, CO, SVR, survival benefit
46
Labetalol
Beta blockers- prolongs depolarization. lowers HR, CO, SVR, survival benefit
47
Disopyramide
IA- Moderate Na Channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, Side effect: LONG QT
48
Quinidine
IA- Moderate Na Channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, Side effect: LONG QT
49
Procainamide
IA- Moderate Na Channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, Side effect: LONG QT
50
Lidocaine
IB- Mild Na Channel blockers - Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: short QT, neuro, note: use dependance
51
Mexiletine
IB- Mild Na Channel blockers - Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: short QT, neuro, note: use dependance
52
Propafenone
IC- Marked Na Channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: pro-arrythmic (v. tachycardia) paresthesias, diplopia
53
Flecainide
IC- Marked Na Channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: pro-arrythmic (v. tachycardia) paresthesias, diplopia
54
Metaprolol
II: Beta blockers -Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: hypotension, bradycardia, fatigue, bronchospasm
55
Propanolol
II: Beta blockers -Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: hypotension, bradycardia, fatigue, bronchospasm
56
Esmolol
II: Beta blockers -Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: hypotension, bradycardia, fatigue, bronchospasm
57
Amiodarone
III: K channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: EVERYTHING. Thyroid, skin, liver, lungs etc.
58
Sotalol
III: K channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: Long QT, torsades, reverse use dependence
59
Dofetilide
III: K channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, side effect: Long QT, torsades, reverse use dependence
60
Dronedarone
III: K channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, note: like amiodarone with fewer side effects, increases mortality
61
Diltiazem
IV: Ca channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, note: rate control, use dependence, bradycardia, CHF, fatigue
62
Verapamil
IV: Ca channel blockers- Antiarrythmic drugs, note: rate control, use dependence, bradycardia, CHF, fatigue
63
Digoxin
Cardiac Glycosides- Antiarrythmic drugs-, side effects: AV block, bradycardia.
64
Adenosine
Endogenous Nucleoside- Antiarrythmic drugs, used for re-entrant SVT, side effects: low HR, AV block, asystole, A. fib. Bronchospasm
65
Atropine
Anticholinergic- Antiarrythmic: used for symptomatic sinus bradycardia, AV block, side effects: tachycardia, urinary retention
66
Aspirin
Platelet Inhibitors (arterial)- use this before NSAIDs,
67
Clopidogrel
ADPr Inhibitors (Platelet inhibitors)- long acting, irreversible,
68
Ticlopidine
ADPr Inhibitors (Platelet inhibitors)- long acting, irreversible,
69
Prasugrel
ADPr Inhibitors (Platelet inhibitors)- long acting, irreversible,
70
Abciximab
GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors (platelet inhibitors)- significant bleeding risk, thrombocytopenia, not long-term solution, IV only,
71
Eptifibatide
GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors (platelet inhibitors)- significant bleeding risk, thrombocytopenia, not long-term solution, IV only,
72
Tirofiban
GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors (platelet inhibitors)- significant bleeding risk, thrombocytopenia, not long-term solution, IV only,
73
Unfractionated Heparin
Inactivates clotting cascade: Anticoagulants-cheap, reversible, requires continuous monitoring (injection),
74
LMWH Enoxaparin
Inactivates clotting cascade: Anticoagulants- no monitoring, expensive, also injection,
75
Warfarin
Anticoagulant drugs- vit K carboxylase- delayed onset, requires periodically checking the INF, vit K=antidote,
76
Fondaparinux
factor Xa Inhibitors (anticoagulant) -IV,
77
Rivaroxaban
factor Xa Inhibitors (anticoagulant) -Oral,
78
Lepirudin
Direct thrombin inhibitors (anticoagulant)- irreversible, useful for heparin induced thrombocytopenia. IV,
79
Bivalirudin
Direct thrombin inhibitors (anticoagulant)- irreversible, useful for heparin induced thrombocytopenia. IV,
80
Argatroban
Direct thrombin inhibitors (anticoagulant)- irreversible, useful for heparin induced thrombocytopenia. IV,
81
Dabigatran
Direct thrombin inhibitors (anticoagulant)- oral, no DDI or monitoring, GI,
82
Streptokinase
Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,
83
Urokinase
Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,
84
tPA
Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,
85
Alteplase
Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,
86
Reteplase
Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,
87
Tenecteplase
Fibrinolytics/Thrombolytics,
88
Lovastatin
Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis
89
Simvastatin
Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis
90
Pravastatin
Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis
91
Fluvastatin
Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis
92
Atorvastatin
Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis
93
Rosuvastatin
Statins- Lipid Regulating Drugs- Lower LDL, side effects: diabetes, myositis, teratogen, hepatitis
94
Cholestyramine
Bile Acid Sequestrants- Lipid regulating drugs:, side effects: GI, DDI, increased triglycerides. note: lowers blood glucose in T2DM
95
Colestipol
Bile Acid Sequestrants- Lipid regulating drugs:, side effects: GI, DDI, increased triglycerides. note: lowers blood glucose in T2DM
96
Colesevelam
Bile Acid Sequestrants- Lipid regulating drugs:, side effects: GI, DDI, increased triglycerides. note: lowers blood glucose in T2DM
97
Ezetimibe
Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitor- Lipid regulating drugs-lower LDL, note: specific to cholesterol. diet important
98
Gemfibrozil
Fibrates- Lipid regulating drugs:-lower TG, increase HDL, side effects: GI, gallstones, high LDL, low libido
99
Fenofibrate
Fibrates- Lipid regulating drugs:-lower TG, increase HDL, side effects: GI, gallstones, high LDL, low libido
100
Niacin
Lipid regulating drugs: increases HDL, decreases TG, side effects: flushing, GI, hepatitis, gout, DM

Cardiology (10 decks)

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