Drugs Everyone Should Know

Question 1

HCTZ

Answer 1

Category: Thiazide Diuretic – First Line For HTN

Significant Side Effects: Hypokalemia, Hyponatremia, Lipidemia, Urecemia, Hyperglycemia, Calcemia

Monitor: BMP

C/I: Renal Impairment, Gout, Arrhythmia

Question 2

Furosemide

Answer 2

Category: Loop Diuretic

Significant Side Effects: Hypokalemia, Hypocalcemia, Gout, Sulfa Rx, Ototoxicity

Monitor: BMP

C/I: Nephrotoxic Syn

Question 3

-pril

Answer 3

Category: ACE-i

Significant Side Effects: Cough, Angioedema, Hypokalemia, Hypotension

Monitor: BMP

C/I: Do not mix w/ ARBS

Question 4

-sartan

Answer 4

Category: ARB (Ang Recepter Blocker)

Significant Side Effects: Hypokalemia, Hypotension

Monitor: BMP

C/I: Do not mix w/ ACE-i

Question 5

Amlodipine

Answer 5

Category: DHP-CCB

Significant Side Effects: Flushing, LE Edema, AV Block

Monitor: BP, HR

C/I: –

Question 6

Metroprolol

Answer 6

Category: Selective Beta-1 Blocker

Significant Side Effects: Asthma, Bradycardia, CHF

Monitor: Bp, HR

C/I: –

Question 7

Metroprolol use

Answer 7

HTN, Angina, CHF

Question 8

ASA

Answer 8

Category: Cyclooxygenase-i

Significant Side Effects: GI Ulcer, Hepatotoxic, Reyes Syn

Monitor: LFT

C/I: Bleeding Disorders

Question 9

Clopidogrel (Plavix)

Answer 9

Category: Platelet ADP Inhibitor

Significant Side Effects: TTP, D, Hemorrhage, Leukopenia, CYP450-i

Monitor: CBC

C/I: –

Question 10

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Answer 10

Category: Anti-Seizure

Significant Side Effects: CYP450-Inducer, Ataxia, Nystagmus, Sedation, Steven Johnson Syn

Monitor: LFT, Folate

C/I: –

Question 11

P450 Inducers

Answer 11

Guinness, Corona, PBRS Make Alcoholics

Griseofulvin
Carbamzepine 
Phenytoin
Barbs
Rifampin
Modafinil
St. John's Wort
Chronic Alcoholism

Question 12

P450 Inhibitors

Answer 12

CRACKED AMIGOS

Cipro
Ritonovir
Amiodarone 
Cimetidine 
Ketconazole

Acute Alcoholism
Macrolides
Isoniazid
Grapefruit
Ompreazole
Sulfa

Question 13

Sodium Valproate (Depakote)

Answer 13

Category: Anti Seizure – Block Na, Inc GABA

Significant Side Effects: Neural Tube Defect, Hepatotoxic, Tremors

Monitor: LFT, Folate

C/I:

Question 14

Citalopram

Answer 14

Category: SSRI

Significant Side Effects: ED, Prolong QT, 5-HT Syn

Monitor: EKG

C/I: –

Question 15

Citalopram use

Answer 15

Anxiety, Depression, OCD, Social Phobia

Question 16

Fluoxetine (Prozac)

Answer 16

Category: SSRI

Significant Side Effects: ED, Prolong QT, 5-HT Syn,

Monitor: EKG

C/I: MAO-i use

Question 17

Fluoxetine use

Answer 17

PTSD, Mutism, Social Anxiety, Raynaud, BEERS Criteria, MDD, OCD, Panic Attack, Bulima

Question 18

Glipizide

Answer 18

Category: Sulfonylurea

Significant Side Effects: Hypoglycemia

Monitor: LFT

C/I: –

Question 19

Sulfonylurea MOA

Answer 19

K channel block, induce Insulin release

Question 20

Biguanide MOA

Answer 20

Block gluconeogenesis

Question 21

Metformin

Answer 21

Category: Biguanide/Glucophage – First Line for DM2

Significant Side Effects: DKA, Lactic Acidosis, Met Acidosis, Megaloblastic Anemia

Monitor: BUN/Cr Ratio (RF)

C/I: Hepatic Impairment/RF pts

Question 22

Biguanide use

Answer 22

DM2, Wt Loss, GDM, PCOS

Question 23

Tramadol (Ultram)

Answer 23

Category: Atyopical Opiod, 5-HT Block, NorEPI Block

Significant Side Effects: Constipation, CNS Affects, 5-HT Syn

Monitor: LFT

C/I: –

Question 24

Pioglitazone (Actos)

Answer 24

Category: Thiazolidine, TZD, Diones

Significant Side Effects: Black Box CHF, Hepatotoxic, Bladder CA, DM Macular Edema

Monitor: LFT

C/I: –

Question 25

Sildenafil (Viagra)

Answer 25

Category: PDE-5-i Significant Side Effects: Prapism, Vision Changes, Hypotension Monitor: BP, HR C/I: Don't mix w/ Nitrates

Question 26

-statins

Answer 26

Category: HMG-COA Reductase-i Significant Side Effects: Proteinuria, Myalgia, Myopathy Monitor: Baseline CK, Aminotransferase C/I: --

Question 27

Statin Effect

Answer 27

Reduce LDL 30-60%