Drugs for Finals

Question 1

Lovastatin

Answer 1

HMG CoA reductase inhibitor, inhibit cholesterol synthesis , lower cholesterol and lipid levels

Question 2

Propranolol

Answer 2

Non selective beta adrenoreceptor antagonist, for hypertension and risk in asthma

Question 3

Captopril

Answer 3

ACE inhibitor, blocks conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a vasoconstrictor, for hypertension

Question 4

Thalidomide

Answer 4

Currently heavily controlled, sedative and anti nausea effect, R
S isomer results in birth defects

Question 5

Bisoprolol

Answer 5

Selective beta I adrenoreceptor antagonist, lower heart rate and force of contraction, for hypertension

Question 6

Cisapride

Answer 6

Banned due to adverse drug events, enhances release of acetylcholine in enteric nervous system , increases peristalsis in thr gut, accelerate gastric emptying

Question 7

Carvedilol

Answer 7

Non selective beta blocker + alpha 1 blocker, for hypertension and heart failure

Question 8

Alprenolol

Answer 8

Non selective beta blocker , less commonly used

Question 9

Pancuronium

Answer 9

Nonpolarising nicotinic acetylcholine blocker, inhibit muscle contraction, for general anesthesia

Question 10

Phenoxybenzamine

Answer 10

IRREVERSIBLE non selective alpha adrenergic blocker , vasodilation, lower BP

Question 11

Buprenorphine

Answer 11

Partial opioid agonist, pain management & antagonist, to prevent likelihood of overdose during relapse

Question 12

Afatinib

Answer 12

TRK inhibitor , blocks EGFR, HER2 and HER4 irreversibly –> treat NSCLC

Question 13

Formoterol

Answer 13

beta II agonist (Gs)

Question 14

Phenylephrine

Answer 14

alpha I agonist (Gq)

Question 15

Clonidine

Answer 15

Alpha II agonist (Gi)

Question 16

Raloxifene

Answer 16

Selective estrogen receptor modulator, agonist in bone and lipid metabolism, antagoniost in breast and uterine tissue, TREATS OSTEOPOROSIS AND REDUCE BREAST CANCER RISK

Question 17

Tamoxifen

Answer 17

Selective estrogen receptor modulator, antagonist in breast tissue –> prevent breast cancer growth, partial agonist in bone, liver and uterus

Question 18

Apalutamide

Answer 18

androgen receptor inhibitor, binds to AR and blocks androgen binding

Question 19

Calcitriol

Answer 19

Active form of VitD, binds to Vit D receptor, increase Ca and phosphate, reduce Ca renal excretion, promote bone mineralisation

Question 20

Rosiglitazone

Answer 20

Activates PPARy, NR found in adipose tissue , muscle and liver, increase insulin sensitivity, increase glucose uptake

Question 21

Tretinoin

Answer 21

Binds to RAR, promote cell turnover (old and damaged cell replacement), unclog pores and reduce inflammation & stimulate collagen

Question 22

Lidocaine

Answer 22

Na channel blockers, inhibit sensory nerve signals –> prevent pain preception

Question 23

Verapamil

Answer 23

Ca channel blocker , vasodilation and heart muscle relaxation, for hypertension, angina (reduced bloodflow through coronary arteries due to atherosclerosis), arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm)

Question 24

Isoguvacine

Answer 24

Selective agonist for GABA, increases Cl influx

Question 25

benzodiazepine

Answer 25

CNS depressant , increase effect of GABA, frequency of Cl channel opening , for relaxation and sedation

Question 26

Phenobarbital

Answer 26

Increase frequency and duration of Cl channel opening --> prolonged neuronal expression

Question 27

alpha-Bungarotoxin

Answer 27

Selective antagonist to nAchRs, bind irreversibly & block receptor functions

Question 28

Ivacaftor

Answer 28

Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator potentiator , enhance probability of channel opening, increase Cl transport

Question 29

warfarin

Answer 29

Vit K antagonist, inhibit synthesis of VitK dependent clotting factors, targets VKOR [S] >>>[R]

Question 30

Fluconazole

Answer 30

CYP2C9 inhibitor, lower warfarin metabolism, lower dose of warfarin needed

Question 31

gefitinib

Answer 31

EFGR inhibitor in NSCLC, binds to ATP cleft of TK , blocks signal in tumours by inhibiting ATP from interacting with T

Question 32

Irinotecan

Answer 32

Topoisomerase I inhibitor, lowers DNA replication and transcription --> prevent cell growth --> cancer treatment

Question 33

Chlorpheniramine

Answer 33

Inverse agonist for H1 Histamine (1st Gen antihistamine) - cause drowsiness

Question 34

Diphenhydramine

Answer 34

Inverse agonist for H1 Histamine (1st Gen antihistamine) - cause drowsiness

Question 35

Cetirizine

Answer 35

Inverse agonist for H1 Histamine (2nd Gen antihistamine)

Question 36

Fexofenadine

Answer 36

Inverse agonist for H1 Histamine (2nd Gen antihistamine)