Drugs for test 2

Question 1

Furosemide

Answer 1

Drug Family: Diuretics

MOA: Inhibits NKCC2 symporter

Uses: Heart failure with volume overload, edema, hypercalcemia, hypertension

Toxicity: alkalosis, ototoxicity, elecrolyte disorders (low, K+, Na+, nad Mg2+), hyperuricemia

Question 2

Lisinopril

Answer 2

Drug Family: RAAS

MOA: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor

Uses: Systolic heart failure, HF post acute coronary syndrome, hypertension, diaetic renal disease

Toxicity: Bradykinin cough reflex, hyperkalemia, teratogenic

Question 3

Losartan

Answer 3

Drug Family: RAAS

MOA: Angiotensin-2 type 1 receptor agonist

Uses: systolic HF, HF post acute coronary syndrome, hypertension

Toxicity: hyperkalemia, teratogenic

Question 4

Spironolactone

Answer 4

Drug Family: RAAS

MOA: aldosterone receptor agonist

Uses: systolic and diastolic HF, hyperaldosteronism, hypertension

Toxicity: hyperkalemia, endocrine effects

Question 5

Metroprolol

Answer 5

Drug Family: Beta Blocker; and Antiarythmic class II

MOA: B1 adrenergic receptor antagonist

Uses: Systolic HF, hypertension, angina; and Atrial Tachy

Toxicity: Bradycardia, AV block, fatigue, bronchoconstriction

Question 6

Carvedilol

Answer 6

Drug Family: Beta Blocker

MOA: A1 and B adrenergic receptor antagonist

Uses: Systolic HF, hypertension, angina

Toxicity: Bradycardia, AV block, fatigue, bronchoconstriction

Question 7

Hydralazine

Answer 7

Drug Family: Vasodilator

MOA: Vascular smooth muscle K+ channel activator

Uses: Systolic HF, angina, hypertensive crisi, pregnancy induced hypertension

Toxicity: Tachycardia, hypotension, headache

Question 8

Isoborbide dinitrate

Answer 8

Drug Family: Vasodilator

MOA: Nitric Oxide mechanism

Uses: Systolic HF

Toxicity: Tachy, hypotension, headache

Question 9

Sacubitril

Answer 9

Drug Family: Vasodilatior

MOA: Neprilysin inhibitor

Uses: Systolic HF

Toxicity: Hyperkalemia, cough, hypotension

Question 10

Digoxin

Answer 10

Drug Family: Inotrope and Cardiac glycoside

MOA: Inhibits Na+/K+ ATPase

Uses: Systlic HF, rate control of A-fib and A-flutter

Toxicity: Arrhythmia, vision disturbance

Question 11

Milrinone

Answer 11

Drug Family: Inotrope

MOA: Phosphodiesterase III inhibitor

Uses: Acute HF

Toxicity: Arrhythmia

Question 12

Dobutamine

Answer 12

Drug Family: Inotrope

MOA: B1 adrenergic receptor agonist

Uses: Increase contractility in acute HF, Cardiac stress test

Toxicity: Arrhythmia

Question 13

Procainamide

Answer 13

Drug Family: Antiarrythmic Class IA

MOA: Inhibit Na+ channels

Uses: atrial and ventricular tachy

Toxicity: Arrhythmia, hypersensitivity reactions, Long QT

Question 14

Lidocaine

Answer 14

Drug Family: Antiarrythmic Class IB

MOA: Inhibits Na+ channels

Uses: V-tach

Toxicity: CNS stimulation/depression

Question 15

Flecainide

Answer 15

Drug Family: Antiarrythmic Class IC

MOA: Inhibits Na+ Channels

Uses: Atrial tachy in patients with normal ventricular functions

Toxicity: Arrythmia

Question 16

Amiodarone

Answer 16

Drug Family: Antiarrythmic Class III

MOA: Inhibits Na+ and K+ channels

Uses: Atrial and Vent tachy

Toxicity: Long QT, hypotension, pulmonary fibrosis, hepatotxicity, thyroid toxicity, corneal deposits

Question 17

Dronaderone

Answer 17

Drug Family: Antiarrythmic Class III

MOA: Inhibit Na+ and K+ channels

Uses: A and V Tachy

Toxicity: Long QT, bradycardia

Question 18

Dofetilide

Answer 18

Drug Family: Antiarrythmic class III

MOA: Inhibit K+ channel

Uses: Atrial arrythmias

Toxicity: Long QT

Question 19

Sotalol

Answer 19

Drug Family: Antiarrythmic Class II

MOA: Inhibit K+ and beta adrenergic

Uses: A and V arrhythmias

Toxicity: Long QT

Question 20

Verapamil

Answer 20

Drug Family: Antiarrythmic Class IV

MOA: cardioselective L-type Ca2+ channel blocker

Uses: Mainly A arrhythmia; also angina, hypertension

Toxicity: Headache, bradycardia, constipation, edema

Question 21

Adenosine

Answer 21

Drug Family: Nucleotide receptor agonist

MOA: Activate adenosine receptor

Uses: Conversion of AV node dependent arrythmia