Drugs in pregnancy

Question 1

describe categories A-X

Answer 1

A: safety established
B: presumed safety
C: uncertain safety
D: unsafe (benefits may outweigh risk)
X: highly unsafe (contraindicated)

Question 2

describe the features of FAS

Answer 2

intrauterine growth restriction
craniofacial abnormalities (flattened nasal bridge, absent philtrum, maxillary hypoplasia, short palpebral fissures)
brain, cardiac and spinal defects
behavioral disturbances

Question 3

describe the baby born from a mother taking thalidomide

Answer 3

bilateral limb reduction (phocomelia)
facial hemangioma
esophageal or duodenal atresia
external ear anomalies
cardiac and renal anomalies

Question 4

describe minimata bay syndrome (mercury poisoning)

Answer 4

mental retardation
neurological impairment
growth retardation
limb defects

Question 5

aminopterin or methotrexate poisoning

Answer 5

(MTX can be used as an abortifacient)
hydrocephalus
cleft palate
meningomyelocele
IUGR
ossification defects of the skull

Question 6

birth defects associated with isotretinoin (acne drug)

Answer 6

spontaneous abortion
microtia/anotia
micrognathia
cleft palate
conotruncal heart defects
thymic abnormalities
eye anomalies
CNS anomalies

Question 7

diethylstilbestrol (DES) (estrogen analog)

Answer 7

given to mothers it affects their offspring differently depending on sex:
men: 
infertility
epididymal cyst
hypertrophic testis
microphallus
varicocele
abnormal semen
women:
vaginal adenosis
cockscomb hood of cervix
hypoplastic cervix
vaginal septum
T shaped uterus
preterm delivery
spontaneous abortions
reduced fertility