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A2 - socio-cultural issues in sport > drugs in sport > Flashcards

drugs in sport Flashcards

1
Q

drugs and doping

A

substances used to improve/ change human performance

  • on banned list = usually PED’s
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2
Q

legal supplements

A
  • caffeine
  • protein shake
  • creatine
  • bicarbonate
  • carbohydrate gels
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3
Q

creatine

A

improves recovery of ATP/PC energy system

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4
Q

caffeine

A
  • helps athletes train harder + longer
  • clearer thinking and greater concentration
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5
Q

bicarbonate (soda loading)

A

may help to buffer the effects of lactic acid

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6
Q

protein shake

A

recovery formulas to speed up recovery an/ or make it more effective e.g. muscle growth

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7
Q

carbohydrate gels

A

aid energy replenishment (powders/ gels, sports drinks, energy bars)

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8
Q

illegal drugs in sport

A
  • anabolic steroids
  • hGh (human growth hormone)
  • beta blockers
  • EPO (erythropoietin)
  • blood doping
  • diuretics
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9
Q

anabolic steroids

A
  • stimulates muscle growth
  • increased aggression
  • increases recovery and repair
  • generally used for power
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10
Q

hGh

A
  • increases bone, muscle and cartilage growth
  • occurs naturally in the body
  • improved power + strength
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11
Q

beta blockers

A
  • controls the heart rate = calms nerves, steadies heartbeat
  • used for fine motor skills, steady hand
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12
Q

EPO

A
  • stimulates the production of new red blood cells = increases O2 carrying capacity
  • improves endurance
  • by taking synthetic version of hormone
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13
Q

blood doping

A
  • removing blood from the body temporarily = held in storage
  • stimulates creation of new blood cells
  • blood is re-transfused before the sporting event
    = increases red blood cell count
    = increased O2 carrying capacity
    = improved endurance
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14
Q

diuretics

A
  • rapid weight loss by increasing the amount of water lost from the body through urine
  • also can be used as a masking agent to help either flush illegal drugs out the system or dilute them before drug testing
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15
Q

reasons for using illegal drugs

A
  • pressure to perform well
  • easier than putting in the work
  • expectations of supporters, coaches, society for you to perform at a higher level
  • to keep up with other competitors using illegal drugs
  • appeal of financial reward for success
  • future earning capacity
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16
Q

consequences of using drugs on society

A
  • reduces the number of role models
  • moral and ethics are not promoted
  • increased drug use if it becomes normalised in elite sport
  • increased health costs for society

+ enable more effective drug testing processes to be developed in response to new drugs being created

17
Q

consequences of using drugs on performer

A
  • loss of revenue through retracted sponsorship deals
  • negative reputation gained
  • fines or bans imposed
  • negative press/ public opinion can cause psychological problems
  • medals can be stripped
  • health complications can arise

+ improved performance, increases the chance of winning and gaining an unfair advantage

18
Q

consequences of using drugs on sport

A
  • negative press can impact the reputation of the sport
  • a culture of drug use can develop if the most successful athletes in a sport are using drugs
  • the commercial revenue of a sport can be reduced if it becomes less popular due to drug use
  • lowered participation
  • challenges the concept of fair play in sport
  • lowered public support = people choose to not watch the sport/ put money into the sport due to negative image surrounding it
  • false records/ results are a possibility cus the drugs give an unfair advantage to a performer, and are not always caught
19
Q

strategies to stop drug use/ doping

A
  • improved testing = stricter, random, more regular testing + out of season testing
  • education important = explain the consequences of drug use on the health of the athlete + consequences on sport
  • stricter punishments e..g life bans, loss of sponsors/ prize money/ medals
  • use of role models to encourage drug free sport, ‘name and shame’ cheats
  • research and increased funding on newer drug direction methods

A2 - socio-cultural issues in sport (9 decks)

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