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Psyc Test 1 > Drugs Of Abuse > Flashcards

Drugs Of Abuse Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

How to get addicted?

A

Operant conditioning

  • positive reinforcement
  • removal of noxious experience
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2
Q

Huger/withdrawal

A

Deficit state

Want to rellieve

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3
Q

Craving =

A

Incentive salience

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4
Q

NTs related in reward

A

Dopamine + opioids

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5
Q

Hedonic regulation

A

Regulation of reward

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6
Q

Uppers go to

A

Nucleus Accumbens

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7
Q

Downers go to

A

Ventral tegmental area

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8
Q

Anticipation effect on NT

A

Dopamine increases with anticipation

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9
Q

What makes drug addictive?

A
  • genetics, temperament, psychopathology
  • route/bioavailability
  • onset time
  • elimination t1/2 = shorter=more addictive
  • administration schedule
  • mechanism of action
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10
Q

What sets up vulnerable phenotype?

A

Genetic

Early chaotic experiences

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11
Q

3 categories of addiction treatment

A

Use disorder
Intoxication
Withdrawal

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12
Q

Screening tools

A

CAGE

2+ = investigate addiction

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13
Q

Substance abuse S/s

Loss of control (4)

A
  • taken in larger amounts
  • Persistent desire/unsuccessful efforts to cut down
  • Lot of time spent
  • Important activities given up
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14
Q

Substance abuse S/s

Adverse consequences (4)

A
  • peristent psyc/physical problems caused by drug
  • Peristent social /interpersonal problems
  • failure to fulfill major roles
  • physically hazardous situations
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15
Q

Subtance abuse s/s

Psyc dpendence (3)

A
  • tolerance
  • Withdrawal
  • cravings
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16
Q

Most commonly abused drugs

A
  • weed

* Rx

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17
Q

Who starts later but progresses faster

A

Females

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18
Q

Highest risk for addiction

A

Multi-ethnic
Native american
Pacific islanders

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19
Q

More common where?

A

Urban

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20
Q

Exceeds daily limits

2-3 symptoms

A

Mild

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21
Q

Exceeds daily limits

4-5 symptoms

A

Moderate

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22
Q

Exceeds limits daily or near

A

Exceeds limits daily or near daily

*6+ sys

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23
Q

Dependence + chornic relapsing/co-morbidity

Study These Flashcards
A

Chronic dependence

24
Q

Nicotine

Mech

Study These Flashcards
A

Nic agonist,

UP vasopressin, b-endorphin, ACTH, cortisol

25
Nicotine Intoxication
Relaxation, increased concentration, anorexia, increased BP
26
Nicotine Withdrawal
Begins one hour after last cigarette, peaks in 24 hours irritability
27
Nicotine cessation
COMBO: Nic replace + pharmacotherapy * buproprion = down cravings * varenicline = down cravings + pleasurable activity
28
Alcohol withdrawal Tx
thiamine (give before glucose or induce Wernicke's) folic acid Benzos - diazepam Chlordiazopoxide Hallucinaiton + anti-psyc (Most use longer acting) diazepam = shorter acting not damaging liver as much Long term = still cognitive disfunction
29
Alcohol use disorder Tx
* Acamprosate (best) * Naltrexone (no pleasure) * disulfam (sick)
30
Caffeine Mech
Dopamine
31
Caffeine Withdrawal
Headache, lethargy, irritability, depressed mood
32
Opiates Mech
Mu Kappa Delta
33
Opiates Withdrawals
``` Dysphoria Myalgias Rhinorrhea Diarrhea Lacrimation Dilated pupils ```
34
Opiates Adverse
``` HIV Hepatitis Endocarditis OD Self neglect ```
35
Opiate overdose Tx
*Naxalone
36
Opiate Addiction Tx
Methadone (mu, w pregger) * Buprenorphine - partial ag (no pleasure - narcan, ceiling) * clonidine (watch hypoTN) * Naltrexone
37
Stimulants Mec
Coke = inhibit dopa reuptake Amphetamines = up dopa release
38
Stimulants Withdrawal
Like Major depressive disorder
39
Stimulants Adverse effects
Necrosis soft tissues Cyanosis Cardio Stroke
40
Stimulants Tx
Symptomatic + behavioral
41
PCP Mech
Nmda agonist
42
Marijuana Most used?
After cigs + alcohol
43
PCP Intoxication
Stored in fat cells, big people will last longer RED DANES Rage, erythema, dilated pupils, delusions, amnesia, nystagmus, excitation, skin dryness
44
PCP Withdrawal
Lack of energy + depression
45
PCP Treatment
``` Wait Coctail (halodol, ..., adivan) ```
46
Marijuana danger
Can set off latent psyc issue
47
PCP Adverse effects
Memory loss Liver function Depression Psychosis
48
Ecstacy Mech
Monoamine release
49
Dilated pupils?
PCP | Cocaine
50
Hallucinogens Mech
Serotonin ag
51
Hallucinogens Effect
Pupil dilation Synthesesia Not addictive
52
Ecstacy Effects
``` confused Depressed Paranoid Chills Dizzy Nausea ```
53
Cyanosis?
Amphetamine use
54
Alcohol withdrawal Which comes first? Wernickes vs. Korsakoff
Wernickes
55
Confusion Ataxia Nystagmus
Wernicke's Encephalopathy triad
56
Amnesia Confabulation Hallucinations
Korsakoff Syndrome/psychosis
57
Withdrawal for inhalants?
NOPE

Psyc Test 1 (7 decks)

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