drugs of misuse Flashcards
(26 cards)
misuse of durgs act divides into what 3 categories?
A B C
class A drug examples
cocaine
heroin
LSD
class B examples
amfetamine
cannabis
ketamine
GHB
class C examples
cathinone
testosterone
stimulants: sympathomimetics physical signs of misuse?
dilated pupils
HTN
hyperreflexia
tachycardia
fine tremor
hypertonia
sweating
serious med complications that cna occur with stimulants eg ecstasy?
convulsions
rhabdomyolysis
subarachnoid haemorrhage
peripheral effects of cannabis?
tachycardia
vasodilation
reduction in intra ocular rpressure
chronic cannabis use has been associated w increased risk of devleoping what?
schizophrenia
opioid receptors mediate main pharmacological effects of opioids including….
analgesia
euphoria
pupil constriction
reduced GI motility
resp depression
sedation
methadone given to treat opioid dependence as a heroin sub. it s a…
synthetic agonist w less sedative effects that morphine
buprenorphine is a partial agonist so its maximal effect is more/less than morphine?
less
naloxone = what type of drug?
opioid antagonist
example of hallucinogen?
LSD- paper tabs
ketamine
whats GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate)?
an endogenous short chain fatty acid and struc analogue of the NT GABA
acute tox of N2O (nitrous oxide) is caused by asphyxia, symptoms…?
headache
dizziness
confusion
syncope
seizures
cardiac arrythmias
drugs used to suppress appetite (anoretics)
struc similar to amfetamine
laxative abuse
DNP
bumetanide (potent loop diuretic)
levothyrox
sibutramine
rimonabant
OTC cough and cold remedies that may be abused?
codeine, dextromethorphan, pholcodine
diphenhydramine: sedating antihistamine
pseudoephedrine and ephedrine
acute withdrawal alcohol: signs
tremor
sweating
tachycardia
dleirium
signs of wernickes encephalopathy
chronic liver disease
hepatic enceph
3 drugs that may be used in long term management of alcohol dependence?
acamprosate
naltrexone
disulfiram
acamprosate acts as what?
a functional glutamatergic NMDA antagonist
what is naltrexone?
long acting opioid antagonist that reduces alcohols rewarding effects and craving
what does disulfiram block?
aldehyde dehydrogenase activity –> acetylaldehyde is alcohol is consumed.
–> nausea and vomiting, flushing, palpitations
most used meds for assissted withdrawal of alcohol?
chlordiazepoxide
diazepam
oxazepam
signs and symptoms of benzodiazepine withdrawal?
agitation
ocnfusion
convulsions
hyperreflexia
irritability insomnia
