Drugs Used to Treat Heart Failure Flashcards
(24 cards)
Sodium nitroprusside (2):
- Arteriodilation = venodilation
- IV for acute CHF
Vasodilators that decrease mortality in CHF (3):
- Hydralazine + ISDN
- ACE inhibitors
- ARBs
Hydralazine (2):
- Arteriodilation
- Chronic CHF
Organic Nitrates (2):
- Venodilation > arteriodilation
- Acute and chronic CHF
Hydralazine + ISDN is used when (2):
- ACEIs/ARBs are not tolerated
- Blacks that remain symptomatic with ACEI/ARB, Beta-blocker, aldosterone antagonist
ACE inhibitors (3):
- Arteriodilation > venodilation
- Decreased salt and H2O retention
- Chronic CHF
AT1 receptor antagonists (3):
- Arteriodilation > venodilation
- Decreased salt and H2O retention
- Chronic CHF
Recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide:
Nesiritide
Nesiritide MOA:
Activates particulate GC –> increased cGMP –> vasodilation
- Decreases afterload and preload
Nesiritide therapeutic use:
IV to treat acute decompensated CHF with dyspnea
PDE inhibitors (2):
- Milronone
- Inamrinone
PDE inhibitors MOA (2):
- Increased cAMP –> arterial and venous dilation
- Increased cAMP –> increased cardiac contractility
PDE inhibitor therapeutic use:
Short-term treatment of severe acute CHF
PDE inhibitor ADRs (3):
- Proarrhythmic
- Hypotension
- Thrombocytopenia
Beta-blockers used to treat CHF post-MI:
Carvedilol
Beta-blockers used to treat moderate-severe CHF (2):
- Metoprolol
- Bisoprolol
Beneficial effects of beta-blockers in CHF (3):
- Inhibit detrimental cardiac remodeling
- Decrease myocardial O2 demand
- Antiarrhythmic effects
Digoxin MOA:
Decreases Na+/K+ ATPase –> increased [Ca2+]i
- Increases myocardial contractility
Digoxin therapeutic uses (2):
- CHF
- Slow ventricular rate in a-flutter and a-fib
Digoxin ADRs (4):
- Arrhythmias
- GI: anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
- Visual: blurriness, photophobia, abnormal color vision
- CNS: lethargy, anxiety, nightmares, hallucinations, delerium
Factors which enhance digoxin toxicity (5):
- Hypokalemia
- Decreased renal function
- Hypercalcemia
- Acidosis
- Hypothyroidism
Dobutamine (2):
- Increased contractility –> increased CO
- IV treatment for acute CHF
Dopamine (3):
- Vasodilator
- Increased contractility –> increased CO
- IV treatment for acute CHF
Aldosterone antagonists in CHF treatment (4):
- Moderate to severe CHF with < 35% LVEF
- Decreased mortality and morbidity
- Reduced cardiac remodeling
- GFR > 30 ml/min
