[DSA] Abnormal Heart Sounds

Question 1

What heart sound corresponds to an abrupt deceleration of inflow across the mitral valve?

Answer 1

S3

End of diastole

Question 2

What heart sound corresponds to increased L ventricular end diastolic stiffness/decreased compliance?

Answer 2

S4

Coincides with sytole

Question 3

When would you hear a decreased/absent P2?

Answer 3

Increased AP diameter associated w/ aging

Question 4

What is the most common cause of S2 splitting seen on EKG?

Answer 4

LBBB

Question 5

What murmurs are pansystolic? Are they pathologic?

Answer 5

Mitral regurgitation

Tricuspid regurgitation

VSD

Question 6

Atrial myxomas may cause murmur in what phase of the cardiac cycle?

Answer 6

Diastole (mid-diastolic murmur)

Question 7

What type of murmur is heard in Tetralogy of Fallot?

Answer 7

Systolic murmur caused by pulmonary stenosis

Question 8

What characterizes an innocent still’s murmur?

Answer 8

Systolic murmur with maximum intensity at left lower sternal border or between border and apex with minimal radiation

Children >1 year

Question 9

What is a cervical venous hum?

Answer 9

Pediatric murmur

Continuous

Audible at L/R upper sternal borders or infraclavicular/supraclavicular regions

Alterations of intensity with maneuvers (distinguished from PDA)

Question 10

Most common congenital heart lesion?

Answer 10

Bicuspid Aortic valve