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Colin OS2 Midterm > DSA - Ribs > Flashcards

DSA - Ribs Flashcards

1
Q

What are the points of articulation seen with ribs?

A

Rib articulates with the Superior costal Facet and Transverse costal Facet of the same numbered vertebra

Additionally, ribs articulate with the Inferior Costal facet of the superior vertebral body.

EX: Rib 10 articulates with:

  • Superior Costal Facet of T10
  • Transverse Costal Facet of T10
  • Inferior Costal Facet of T9
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2
Q

What are the exceptions to normal articulations between ribs and vertebrae?

A

Ribs 1, 10, 11, and 12 ONLY ARTICULATE WITH THEIR OWN VERTEBRAE (not the one above as well)

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3
Q

What does the costal tubercle articulate with?

A

The transverse process of the same numbered vertebra

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4
Q

What part of the rib is used to assess position?

A

The costal angle

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5
Q

Which ribs do not have costal tubercles, and what does this indicate?

A

Ribs 11 and 12 do not have costal tubercles, and therefore do not articulate with their corresponding transverse processes

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6
Q

Which ribs are considered Atypical?

A

Ribs 1, 2, 11, and 12 (and sometimes 10) are considered atypical

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7
Q

Which ribs are considered Typical?

A

Ribs 3-9 (and sometimes 10) are considered typical

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8
Q

Which of the ribs are classified as True Ribs, and what does this mean?

A

Ribs 1 - 7 are considered True ribs because they each have cartilage that attaches to the sternum

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9
Q

Which of the ribs are classified as False Ribs, and what does this mean?

A

Ribs 8 - 12 are classified as false ribs because theydon’t have costal cartilage that attaches to the sternum

Ribs 8 -10 have costal cartilage that each attach to the respective rib just superior.

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10
Q

Which of the ribs are classified as Floating Ribs and what does this mean?

A

Ribs 11 and 12 are classified as Floating Ribs, because they have no anterior attachment.

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11
Q

What rib does the Anterior Scalene M. insert into and what is its action?

A

Anterior Scalene M. inserts into the Superior surface of Rib 1

It elevates rib 1

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12
Q

What rib does the Middle Scalene M. insert into and what is its action?

A

Middle Scalene M. inserts into the superior surface of rib 1

It elevates rib 1

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13
Q

What rib does the Posterior Scalene M. insert into and what is its action?

A

Posterior Scalene M. inserts into rib 2

It elevates rib 2

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14
Q

What is an easy way to remember the insertions of the scalene muscles?

A

I get up to at 1 AM 2 P

Rib 1 = Anterior and Middle Scalene M.

Rib 2 = Posterior Scalene M.

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15
Q

What is the origin of the Pectoralis Minor M.?

A

Pectoralis Major M. has its origin in Ribs 3, 4, and 5

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16
Q

Where does the Serratus Anterior M. insert?

A

Serratus Anterior M. inserts into Ribs 2 - 8

17
Q

Which rib does the Latissimus Dorsi M. originate?

A

Lower 4 ribs

Ribs 9, 10, 11, 12

18
Q

Where does the Quadratus Lumborum M. insert and what is its action?

A

Quadratus Lumborum M. inserts into Rib 12

It fixes rib 12 in inhalation

19
Q

What is the action, and direction of fibers of the External Intercostal Ms.?

A

Elevate ribs on forced inhalation

Hands in pockets direction

20
Q

What is the action and direction of fibers of the Internal Intercostal Ms.?

A

Depression of Ribs

Perpendicular to hands in pockets

21
Q

What is the action and direction of fibers of the Innermost Intercostal Ms.?

A

Depression of Ribs

Perpendicular to hands in pockets direction

22
Q

What is the orientation of the Intercostal Nerve, artery, and vein?

A

From superior to inferior: remember VAN

Vein (superior)
Artery (middle)
Nerve (inferior)

23
Q

Which ribs exhibit Bucket handle motion?

A

Ribs 1-2 (BUT also) 8-10 exhibit bucket handle motion

24
Q

Which ribs exhibit pump handle motion?

A

Ribs 3 -7 exhibit pump handle motion

25
Q

Which ribs have Caliper motion?

A

Ribs 11 and 12

26
Q

Describe Torsional movement of ribs

A

When you rotate, the transverse processes restrict the motion of the head of the rib, while the rest of body continues to put a force on the body of the rib.

This causes one costal angle to decreased (squishing the rib), while the opposite side rib has its costal angle increased (stretching the rib)

27
Q

What are the non-physiologic motions of the ribs?

A

Anterior Subluxation - anterior movement at the costal-chondral joint and the head of the rib

Posterior Subluxation - posterior movement at the Costal-chondral joint and the head of the rib

You can also have internally directed movement from the head of the rib (anterior movement) and the costal-chondral joint (posterior movement); squishing of the ribs at two points causing a lateral expansion of the rib

You can also have outwardly directed movement from the head of the rib (posterior movement) and the costal-chondral joint (anterior movement); stretching of the ribs at two points causing a constriction of the rib in the lateral direction

28
Q

What is an inhalation SD?

A

Inhalation somatic dysfunction occurs when a rib moves normally on inhalation, but is restricted during exhalation.

29
Q

What is an exhalation SD?

A

Exhalation Somatic Dysfunction occurs when a rib moves normally during exhalation, but has restricted motion in inhalation

30
Q

What is the Key rib?

A

The rib that maintains a group of ribs in dysfunctional motion

31
Q

What’s an easy way to remember how to find the key rib when evaluating inhalation/exhalation somatic dysfunctions?

A

BITE

Bottom rib for Inhalation Dysfunction (moves normally on inhalation, restricted on exhalation)

Top Rib for Exhalation Dysfunction (moves normally during exhalation; restricted during inhalation)

32
Q

How does treatment of exhalation and inhalation somatic dysfunctions differ?

A

Inhalation somatic dysfunctions are treated by depressing the key rib on exhalation.

Exhalation somatic dysfunctions would require us to pull the rib out, which isn’t possible, so we enable the use of accessory muscles to help us do so:

  • Rib 1 - Anterior/Middle Scalene M.
  • Rib 2 - Posterior Scalene M.
  • Ribs 3-5 - Pectoralis Minor M.
  • Ribs 6-8 - Seratus Anterior M.
  • Ribs 9-10 - Latissimus Dorsi M.
  • Ribs 11-12 - Quadratus Lumborum M.
33
Q

What is scoliosis and kyphosis?

A

Scoliosis is abnormal lateral translation of the spine (which is normally midline)

Kyphosis is an exageration of the the forward bending of the thoracic spine

34
Q

What is Pectus Excavatum and Pectus Carinatum?

A

They are rib cage assymetries.

Pectus Excavatum is what looks like an indentation in the center of the anterior chest wall

Pectus Carinatum is what looks like a bursting outward appearance of the anterior chest wall

35
Q

How can osteoporosis or osteoarthritis cause rib dysfunction?

A

Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis can cause weakness of vertebrae, leading to anterior translation/displacement of vertebra, resulting in exagerated kyphosis of the thoracic spine

Colin OS2 Midterm (6 decks)

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