DSH, suicide and risk assessment Flashcards
(43 cards)
How many people die every year worldwide due to suicide?
800,000
Does everyone who self harms have a psychiatric illness?
No; only a small percentage
Does everyone who commits suicide have a psychiatric illness?
No; but the majority
Which gender is more susceptible to suicide?
Men
Which methods do men and women respectively tend to favour in suicide attempts?
Men; hanging
Women; posioning
Which season has the highest and lowest rates of suicide respectively?
Spring = highest Autumn = lowest
Which professions have the highest rates of suicide?
Unskilled workers Construction workers Doctors Dentists Farmers
Which specialities of medicine have the highest rates of suicide?
GP
Anaesthetists
Psychiatrists
Public health doctors
Who is most at risk in the US if there is a gun in the house?
Yourself
83% of domestic gun fatalities are due to suicide
What physical illnesses confer the highest rate of suicide?
Neurodegenerative diseases
Which neurotransmitter has been seen to be lower in the CSF of those with a history of DSH?
Serotonin
Reduced binding to 5-HT transported sites in the ventral prefrontal cortex
Can you see anything on neuroimaging of those who show high lethality DSH than those who show low lethality DSH?
High lethality; reduced prefrontal cortex activity
Is there a relationship between suicide and genetics?
MZ twins have a 13.2% concordance rate
DZ twins have a 0.7% concordance rate
Does the media have an impact on suicides?
YES
If a media outlet reports on a suicide, tells in detail the method and the difficulties the person faced, suicide rates will increase
Is there a link between cigarette smoking and suicide?
Yes, increases risk
Link between cholesterol and DSH/ suicide?
Lower levels of cholesterol confer a higher risk of DSH/ suicide
What is the single strongest risk factor for suicide?
History of DSH; risk of suicide in 12 months after DSH is 1%
Who is more at risk of suicide post DSH?
Older Male Unemployed or retired Single, separated or divorced Isolated Poor health Psych history Violent DSH Suicide note History of DSH
What people are more likely to develop chronic self harm?
Previous DSH Personality disorder Alcohol or other drug abuse Previous psych history Unemployed Low socio-economic group Criminal record 25-54 years of age Single, separated, divorced
What is hopelessness a good indicator of?
Eventual fatal self harm
Management of a suicidal patient
Calm patient Crying yes; aggression no. Be supportive but firm Direct the interview Provide privacy Distract the patient Deep breathing
Good ways to phrase questions around suicide?
“I realise things have been really bad; has it ever got so bad you thought life wasn’t worth living?”
“How close have you come/ What stopped you?”
“What might help you stop getting to that point again?”
“what are things that would help you keep going?”
What is important to elicit when speaking to a suicidal patient or someone who has self harmed?
Antecedents
Episode of self harm
Mental state then and now
What is the more long term management of DSH/ suicidal ideation/intention?
Bolster self-esteem and problem solving
Discuss personal matters with a stranger takes bravery
Any relief from discussing probelms indiactesthey may discuss things again
Look for past episodes when they have solved problems
Use family/ friends
Safety plan; Suicide?Help! App