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Flashcards in DSM Deck (41)
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1
Q

What is the full term of DSM?

A

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

2
Q

As of 2018, what is the latest edition of the DSM?

A

Fifth Edition

3
Q

Who is the Task Force Chair who managed the different groups who produced the DSM-5?

A

David J. Kupfer, MD

4
Q

How many Sections does the DSM-V have?

A

3

5
Q

What group came up with the DSM?

A

American Psychiatric Association

6
Q

When was the first DSM published?

A

1844

7
Q

It served as a statistical classifier of institutionalized mental patients in different hospitals.

A

First edition of the DSM

8
Q

It is a system designed to share goals of creating clearer criteria of mental disorders to improve clinical utility and organizational structure.

A

ICD or International Classification of Disorders

9
Q

Who is the group who established ICD?

A

World Health Organization (WHO)

10
Q

During the DSM-iii, challenges for clinicians and scientists about the description of disorders emerged. It is because of high rates of comorbidity within DSM chapters thus making it difficult to diagnose. What terminology was used for criteria that cannot be placed in a specific disorder or criteria that doesn’t meet any specific category within a diagnostic class?

A

the Not Otherwise Specified (NOR) designation.

11
Q

What are the four principles that guided the DSM-V revisions?

A
  1. It is intended to be a manual and revisions must be feasible for routine clinical practice
  2. Revisions should be guided by research evidence
  3. Continuity should be maintained with previous editions
  4. No a priori constraints should be placed on the degree of change between DSM-iv and DSM-v
12
Q

What is a classification of mental disorders with associated criteria designed to facilitate more reliable diagnoses of disorders?

A

the DSM or Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.

13
Q

What are the Two factors when used in clustering of disorders, represents an empirically supported framework?

A

Internalizing group & Externalizing Group

14
Q

It is a factor representing disorders characterized by depressed mood, anxiety, and related physiological and cognitive symptoms. When this construct is placed, it should aid in developing new diagnostic and dimensional approaches while the biological markers are also identified and facilitated. What factor is this?

A

Internalizing group

15
Q

It is a factor representing disorders exhibiting antisocial behavior, conduct disturbances, addictions, impulse-control disorders that aids in identifying diagnoses, markers, and underlying mechanisms. What factor is it?

A

Externalizing group

16
Q

This provides interpretive frameworks that shape the experience, expression of the symptoms, signs, and behaviors that are criteria for diagnosis. It may also provide coping strategies, suggest help seeking, and influence acceptance or rejection of a diagnosis. What is it?

A

Culture

17
Q

In the DSM-V, culture affects the conduct of the clinical encounter. What culture issue construct has been present in the previous edition/s of the DSM and is now replaced with three concepts about cultural issues?

A

Culture-bound syndrome

18
Q

What are the three constructs that are newly placed in the DSM-V that is helpful in suggesting cultural ways of understanding and is a key interest of cultural psychiatry research pertaining to cultural issues?

A
  1. Cultural Syndrome
  2. Cultural idiom of distress
  3. Cultural explanation or Perceived cause
19
Q

Another factor that relates to the causes and expression of medical conditions. This factor solely focuses in the individual’s variation resulting from biological sex, his/her individual’s self-representation and how they may be at risk of a disorder because of this. What factor is it?

A

Gender Difference

20
Q

What is the variation attributed to an individual’s reproductive organs called?

A

Sex Differences

21
Q

In the DSM-v, NOS has been replaced and divided into two terms used for clinical use. What are they?

A

Other Specified Disorder and Unspecified Disorder.

22
Q

It is one of the category that replaced NOS and is used by the clinician to describe that the specific reason does not meet the criteria for anyaa specific category within a diagnostic class. This term is also used when there is evidence to specify the nature of the clinical presentation but not enough to plaxe it in a class. What is it?

A

Other Specified Disorder

23
Q

When the clinician isn’t able to further specify and describe the clinical presentation, what term is given to the disorder if you use its DSM-V term instead of NOS ?

A

Unspecified Disorder

24
Q

It is a group of co-occuring relatively invariant symptoms found in a specific cultural group thay may not be recognized as illness within the culture but is recognizable by outside observers. What is it?

A

Cultural Syndrome

25
Q

What is a culture’s way of talking about suffering as a way of conveying wider range of discomfort due to social circumstances or subclinical conditions, but is not classified in their culture as distressing concernes visible as mental disorder criteria?

A

Cultural idiom of distress

26
Q

This is a label of feature of a model that provides a culturally conceived etiology commonly used by laypersons or healers to label explanations regarding disorders and diseases.

A

Cultural explanation or Perceived cause

27
Q

It is a system adopted in the DSM-iv-tr having 5 sections stating that this system does not imply that there are fundamental differences in the contents in each sections. What system is this?

A

The Multiaxial System

28
Q

In DSM-IV, axis V contained the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. Due to its lack of clarity and questionable psychometrics, it has been removed and replaced with another standard method that aids in assessing global disability levels for mental disorders that is based on the International Classification of Functioning(ICF) and is applicable in all of medicine. What is it called?

A

WHO Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS)

29
Q

It involves careful collection of clinical history and concise summary of social, psychological, and biological factors that may have contributed to developing into a given mental disorder.

A

Case formulation

30
Q

It is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual’s cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning. What is this?

A

Mental Disorder

31
Q

What is a syndrome manifesting distress, deviance, dysfunction, and clinical disturbance?

A

Mental Disorder

32
Q

What are the three types of evidence in order to validate diagnostic criteria for discrete categorical mental disorders?

A
  1. Antecedent validators
  2. Concurrent validators
  3. Predictive validators
33
Q

What is the validator that identifies if a diagnostic criteria fits a discrete categorical mental disorder through identifying similar genetic markers, family traits, temperament, and environmental exposure?

A

Antecedent Validator

34
Q

It is a term used when a diagnosis is identified to fit a categorical mental disorder through the use of similar clinical course and treatment response. What is it?

A

Predictive validator

35
Q

This term suggests that a clinician is able to determine if a criteria fits a categorical mental disorder through the process of getting data of the individual’s similar neural substrates, biomarkers, emotional and cognitive processing, and symptom similarity. What

A

Concurrent Validator

36
Q

These are the guidelines in the DSM for making and supporting diagnoses in order to establish clinical judgment.

A

Diagnostic Criteria

37
Q

What defines mutually exclusive and jointly exhaustive phenomenological subgroupings within a diagnosis and are also indicated by the instruction “specify whether” in the criteria set?

A

Subtypes

38
Q

This is not intended for mutual exclusivity and jointful exhaustion thus making it multivariate (having more than one given feature available). It also provides an opportunity to define more homogenous subgrouping of individuals with the disorder that shares certain features. What is it?

A

Specifiers

39
Q

What specifier uses ratings to indicate intensity, frequency, duration, or symptom count of a disorder and are indicated by instructions as well as disorder-specific definitions?

A

Severity specifier

40
Q

This specifier focuses on the additional information that can be conveyed to inform treatment planning.

A

Descriptive features specifier

41
Q

Paul is a dentist admitted to a hospital as he was diagnosed with alcohol use disorder and schizophrenia. Due to ICD coding rules, the etiological medical condition must be listed first before the second-listed diagnosis; he was first diagnosed with schizophrenia with a second listed diagnosis of alcohol use disorder. Based on the DSM-v, what type of diagnosis is ‘schizophrenia’ based on the succession of Paul’s diagnoses?

A

Principal Diagnosis