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Psychodiagnostics > DSM-V Term 1 > Flashcards

DSM-V Term 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

How does Panic Disorder differ from Panic Attacks (Criteria A & B)

A

Panic Disorder

  1. Recurrent, UNEXPECTED, panic attacks
  2. Followed by > 1 month persistent worry about future PA/consequences OR maladaptive beh. change
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2
Q

Panic Attack Criteria

A

A: abrupt surge of fear/discomfort, peaks within minutes, with > 4 symptoms present
*13 possible symptoms

B: >1 month of 1) OR 2)

  1. persistent worry about future PA or consequences
  2. maladaptive behavioural change

C/D: Not due to substance, medical condition, another diagnosis.

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3
Q

What are the symptoms of Panic Attacks

A
  1. Heart rate
  2. sweating
  3. Shaking
  4. Shortness of breath
  5. feelings of choking
  6. Chest pain
  7. Nausea
  8. Feeling dizzy,
  9. temperature sensations
  10. numbness/tingling
  11. derealization
  12. “going crazy”
  13. Fear of dying
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4
Q

Panic Disorder: Differential Diagnoses

A
  • Agoraphobia
  • Other Anxiety Disorders
  • Panic Attacks
  • Medical conditions/substance induced
  • Are the Cued or UNCUED
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5
Q

Agoraphobia Criteria

A

A: Marked fear/anxiety in > 2 situations

  1. public transportation
  2. open spaces
  3. closed spaces
  4. standing in line/crowds
  5. being outside of the home

B: Fear or Avoidance because **fear escape will not be possible or help not available

  • Situations ~always produce fear/anxiety
  • Avoid or endure with difficulty
  • Out of proportion
  • Persistent, > 6 months
  • Clinically significant distress

*Not better explained

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6
Q

Key Features of Agoraphobia

A
    • Fear ESCAPE will not be possible or help not available

- - if panic-like Ss, embarrassment, etc.

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7
Q

Agoraphobia: Differential Diagnoses

A

Specific phobia *if only one situation or cognitions aren’t about escape/panic Ss/no help

Separation anxiety disorder *anxiety over detachment/home

Social phobia *fear negative evaluation

Panic Disorder *Don’t Dx agoraphobia if avoidance behaviours b/c panic Ss do not extend to 2+ agoraphobic situations

Acute Stress/PTSD *If fear b/c reminder of traumatic event

MDD *if avoidance not related to fear of panic Ss or embarrassment/lack of escape

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8
Q

GAD Diagnostic Criteria

A

A: Excessive anxiety/worry for > 6 months about a range of activities/events

B: Difficult to control worry

C: Associated with >3 Ss, more days than not, >6months

  1. Restlessness, on edge
  2. Easily fatigued
  3. Difficulty concentrating
  4. Irritability
  5. Muscle tension
  6. Sleep disturbances

D: Significant distress/impairment

*Not better explained

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9
Q

Key features of GAD

A
    • > 6 months
    • Excessive worrying on RANGE of topics
    • Difficult to control
    • Cognitive and somatic symptoms
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10
Q

GAD vs. MDD

A

MDD *Diagnostic hierarchy** If MDD it needs to be fully remitted for GAD Dx.

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11
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder: Criteria

A

A: Fear/anxiety of SOCIAL situations where they can be JUDGED/Scrutinized

B: **Negative EVALUATION

C: Situations ~always –> fear/anxiety

D: Avoided or endured with intense fear

E: Out of proportion

F: Persistent > 6 months

G: Significant distress

*Not better explained

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12
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder Key Features

A
  • *Fear of negative evaluation!

* *Fear/avoidance of situations where they may be scrutinized

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13
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Panic Disorder

A

Panic Disorder *fear of the attacks/consequences themselves (not negative eval.)

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14
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Agoraphobia

A

Agoraphobia *Fear Escape/help not available

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15
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Autism SD

A

in SAD social communication capabilities and age-appropriate r/s are present

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16
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Avoidant personality disorder

A

APD *broader avoidance pattern

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17
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Body Dysmorphic Dx

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A

Body Dysmorphic Dx *if social anxiety only b/c of their beliefs about their appearance then no separate Dx of SAD applied.

18
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Major Depressive Disorder

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A

MDD *feel unworthy of being liked/bad (in SAD fear neg. eval. b/c of social beh. or physical Ss)

19
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. GAD

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A

GAD *social worries a part, but not limited to fear of evaluation

20
Q

Social Anxiety Disorder vs. Selective Mutism

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A

Selective mutism *may fear to speak because of negative evaluation, but do not fear social situations where speaking is not required

21
Q

GAD vs. OCD

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A

OCD *obsessions are inappropriate/intrusive, compulsions

22
Q

GAD vs. Social anxiety Disorder

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A

Social Anxiety Disorder **Anxiety over being evaluated

23
Q

GAD vs. PTSD

24
Q

OCD: Obsessions

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A
  1. Recurrent, persistent thoughts/urges/images that are intrusive/unwanted and cause marked anxiety/distress
    AND
  2. Individual attempts to ignore/suppress or neutralize thoughts (e.g., with a compulsion)
25
OCD: Compulsions
1. Repetitive behavoiurs or mental acts driven to perform in response to obsession/rules that must be followed AND 2. Aimed at preventing/reducing anxiety or dreaded event/outcome. *not connected in realistic way or excessive
26
OCD: Criteria
A: Obsessions OR compulsions (or both) B: Significant distress C: Not better explained
27
OCD Specifiers
* Insight - with good or fair insight (may not be true) - with poor insight (probably true) - with absent insight/delusional beliefs (definitely true) *Tic-related
28
OCD vs. OCPD
OCPD * pervasive pattern of perfectionism and rigid control
29
Social Anxiety Disorder: Specifiers
* Performance only
30
Required Symptoms for MDD
Either 1) Depressed mood OR 2) Loss of interest (anhedonia)
31
Time criteria for MDD
> 2 week period, ~all day(s)
32
MDD Dx Criteria
A: 5+ Ss, same 2+ week period, change from baseline. Must include 1) depressed mood or 2) Loss of interest. ~most of day, nearly every day 1. Depressed mood 2. Loss of interest/pleasure 3. Weight changes 4. Sleep disturbances (insomnia/hypersomnia) 5. Psychomotor agitation or retardation 6. Fatigue 7. Worthlessness or excessive/inappropriate guilt 8. Difficulty concentrating, indecisiveness 9. thoughts of death or suicidal thoughts B: significant distress/impairment C: not due to substance/medical condition D: not better explained... E: ***NEVER been a MANIC or HYPOMANIC episode
33
Severity and remisson ratings in MDD
Mild (just meets criteria) Moderate Severe *if psychotic features automatically severe In partial remission (subclinical Ss for 2+ months) In full remission (no Ss for 2+ months)
34
Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia): Criteria
A: Depressed mood more days than not, most of the day, 2+ years B: 2+ Ss when depressed 1. poor appetite or overeating 2. Insomnia/hypersomnia 3. Fatigue, low energy 4. low self-esteem 5. poor concentration/indecisive ness 6. Feelings of hopelessness C: During the 2+ years, No period of >2+ without Ss of Criteria A & B D: MDD may be present the whole time E: no manic or hypomanic episodes F/G: not better explained... H: significant distress/impairment
35
Dysthymia: Time criteria
2+ years, more days than not, most of the day
36
Dysthymia: Severity specifier
Mild, moderate, severe
37
Dysthymia: PDD specifiers
- with pure dysthymic syndrome (full criteria for MDD have not been met in preceding 2 years) - with persistent MDE - full MDE criteria met throughout 2 year period - with intermittent MDE, with current episode - MDE criteria currently met, but periods of 8+ weeks without MDE criteria met - with intermittent MDE, without current episode
38
Anxious Distress Specifier can be applied to:
- MDD - Persistent depressive disorder -
39
with anxious distress (MDD/dysthymia): Criteria
2+ symptoms during majority of days of *episode* 1. feeling keyed up or tense 2. Feeling unusually restless 3. Difficulty concentrating b/c of worry 4. Fear that something awful may happen 5. Feeling that the individual might lose control Specify if Mild (2 Ss), moderate (3 Ss), Moderate-severe (4-5 Ss), severe (4-5 Ss with motor agitation)
40
with mixed features (in MDD/dysthymia)
3+ manic Ss present ~all time of *episode* 1. Elevated, expansive mood 2. grandiosity 3. more talkative, pressured talking 4. Flight of ideas, racing thoughts 5. increased goal-directed activity or energy 6. Increased risk-taking beh. 7. Decreased need for sleep *If meet full criteria for hypomanic or manic episode give Bipolar I or Bipolar II
41
with melancholic features (MDD/dysthymia)
During most every period 1. loss of pleasure in ~all activities OR 2. lack of reactivity to usually pleasurable stimuli 3+ Ss 1. depressed mood with profound despondency, despair, moroseness, empty mood 2. Depression is worse in morning 3. early-morning awakening 4. psychomotor agitation or retardation 5. significant anorexia or weight loss 6. excessive/inappropriate guilt
42
with atypical features (MDD, dysthymia)
A: mood reactivity (mood brightens in response to positives) B: 2+ Ss 1. significant weight gain or increased appetite 2. hypersomnia 3. leaden paralysis (heavy) 4. long-standing pattern of interpersonal rejection sensitivity --> impairment *melancholic features not met

Psychodiagnostics (1 decks)

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