DSST Exam Flashcards
(234 cards)
1
Q
The First Pharmalogical Revolution
A
Vaccines
2
Q
Hashish is what type of drug?
A
Cannabis
3
Q
Which Act created drug scheduling?
A
CSA
4
Q
Alcohol is what type of drug?
A
Depressant
5
Q
Heroin is in what drug schedule?
A
Schedule 1
6
Q
Which two federal agencies determine what schedule a drug is classified as?
A
DEA and FDA
7
Q
The Fourth Pharmalogical Revolution
A
“the pill”
8
Q
Alcoholic hepatitis
A
Inflammation in the liver
9
Q
Codeine is what type of drug?
A
Narcotic
10
Q
What are the properties of a Schedule I drug?
A
Highly addictive, and has no accepted medical purpose
11
Q
Ritalin is what type of drug?
A
Stimulant
12
Q
Marijuana is in what drug schedule?
A
Schedule I
13
Q
Morphine is what type of drug?
A
Narcotic
14
Q
Potentiation
A
The result when two drugs combine and the resulting effects are greater than the effects of the two drugs added together
15
Q
Peyote is what kind of drug?
A
Hallucinogen
16
Q
Proof
A
The alcohol percentage in the beverage
17
Q
BAC
A
Blood alcohol content
18
Q
PCP is what type of drug?
A
Hallucinogen
19
Q
What is the most commonly used illegal drug?
A
Marijuana
20
Q
Opium is created from what plant?
A
Poppy
21
Q
Anabolic steroids
A
Increase muscle mass, protein synthesis, and bone density
22
Q
Korsakoff’s syndrome symptoms
A
Amnesia
23
Q
Examples of depressants
A
Alcohol, Barbiturates, Xanax
24
Q
Bong
A
A way marijuana is smoked
25
Confabulation
When a person "creates" memories and believes them to be real
26
Narcan
Used to counter the effects of opiate overdose
27
Benzodiazepines is what type of drug?
Depressant
28
Valium is used as a
relaxant
29
Cocaine is what type of drug?
stimulant
30
What is used to treat anxiety disorders?
xanax
31
Benzodiazepines include
valium, Xanax, and ativan
32
Ecstasy is what type of drug?
hallucinogen
33
Psychoactive drugs effect what?
the brain
34
Peyote is what kind of plant?
cactus
35
LD 50/ED 50
The ED50 value is the "effective dose" for 50% of the population, or the average effective dose. The LD50 value is the "Lethal Dose" for 50% of the population.
36
Methadone is what type of drug?
narcotic
37
Marijuana is made from what plant?
cannabis
38
The Second Pharmalogical Revolution
antibiotics
39
Drugs which depress a person's system are called
barbiturates
40
Thalidomide
Originally prescribed for morning sickness, recalled for birth defects of deformed limbs
41
Examples of stimulants
cocaine, amphetamines
42
DSM-IV
diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders
43
Example of synesthesia
smelling colors
44
Opium is what type of drug?
narcotic
45
Stages of detoxification
cleansing, removal of cells killed by toxins, rebuilding tissues
46
Examples of routes to administer drugs through mucous membranes
inhalation, under the tongue, snorting or sniffing through nose
47
What does elevated hepatic enzymes levels indicate?
liver damage because of drug use
48
Another name for stimulants
uppers
49
Narcotic is Greek for what?
Stupor
50
What is the fastest way to take a drug?
through an IV
51
What drug is known as the date rape drug?
rohypnol or flunitrazepam
52
ADHD is an acronym for
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
53
LSD is what type of drug?
hallucinogen
54
What are the withdrawal symptoms of heroin?
aches, nausea, and muscle cramps
55
CSA stands for
controlled substances act
56
What are the withdrawal symptoms of LSD?
no known withdrawal symptoms
57
Examples of narcotics
Opium, morphine, codeine, heroin, methadone
58
What are the withdrawal symptoms of PCP?
violence, muscle rigidity, coma, and convulsions
59
FAS
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
60
Examples of hallucinogens
ecstasy, LSD, acid, mescaline
61
Cocaine is created by what plant?
coca plant
62
What drug is given to recovering heroin addicts to curb their withdrawal?
methadone
63
Barbiturates are what type of drug?
depressant
64
What is the street name for cannabis?
marijuana
65
Valium is on which drug schedule?
Schedule IV
66
Which of the following are risks of drug interaction?
Cancellation of beneficial effects
Possibility of lethal effects
Cause unexpected side effects
67
```
Which of the following drugs most often has harmful interactions with other drugs being taken?
Alcohol
Aspirin
Cocaine
Nicotine
```
Alcohol
68
Which act created drug scheduling?
CSA- Controlled Substances Act 1970
69
What is cocaethylene?
Alcohol + cocaine
70
```
Which of the following does heroin function similarly to?
Tylenol
methylphenidate
Ibuprofen
Morphine
```
Morphine
71
What is the most common effect of drug interactions for psychoactive drugs?
Decrease in respiratory rate
72
Which amendment to the U. S. Constitution established prohibition?
18
73
```
Which of the following drugs should you give to someone suffering an acute asthma attack?
Albuterol
Zyflo oral
Nasacort
Brovana
```
Albuterol
74
At which cell location do drugs interact with the nervous system?
At the synapse
75
What is the general name for the chemical substance which triggers activity between neurons?
Neurotransmitter
76
```
Which of the following is NOT a monoamine?
Dopamine
Serotinin
Acetylcholine
Norepinephrine
```
Acetylcholine
77
Which of the following is NOT true of cirrhosis?
Cirrhosis is easily reversible by discontinuing the use of alcohol
78
Which is NOT a method that drug interact with neurotransmitters?
Neurotransmitter gathering
79
What is uptake?
A process where certain molecules are transmitted back to their release point
80
Which are effective techniques for crisis prevention pertaining to drug abuse?
Help-line and conversation
81
Which type of prevention focuses upon selected individuals who have been tested in some form to determine whether they should be included in a prevention group?
Indicated prevention
82
Which drug is most responsible for causing Buerger's disease?
Tobacco
83
What is the highest percentage of alcohol a fermented beverage may contain without further processing?
15%
84
What is the typical alcoholic percentage of table wine?
12%
85
Which is NOT true of marijuana?
Marijuana is a Schedule II drug because it has possible medical uses
86
Which is the alcoholic beverage highest to lowest content order?
Rum and vodka, whiskey and brandy, wine and beer
87
```
Which of the following is not used to produce alcohol?
grapes
barley
potatoes
pork
```
pork
88
What enzyme is used in the liver to metabolize alcohol?
Alcohol dehydrogenase
89
What is the name of the function where a valve shuts down the transfer of alcohol from the stomach to the small intestine?
Pylorospasm
90
What is proof?
Double the alcohol percentage
91
Approximately how many heroin users overdose per year?
3%
92
What does BAC stand for?
Blood alcohol content
93
Which of the following in Not true of anabolic steroids?
The effects of anabolic steroids include increased muscle mass and deepening voice
94
What is the typical legal BAC content?
.10%
95
At what rate does the liver metabolize alcohol?
.6 oz per hour
96
```
Which of the following is NOT a common way to measure BAC?
blood sample
breath sample
Perspiration sample
urine sample
```
perspiration sample
97
```
Which of the following is NOT an effect of anabolic steroids?
increased muscle mass
increased protein synthesis
increased bone density
deepened voice
```
Deepened voice
98
Which other types of drugs does alcohol share a cross-tolerance with?
Barbiturates
99
Which two organs are most affected by long-term heavy drinking?
Brain and liver
100
Which of the following syndromes is NOT a result of alcohol usage?
Asperger syndrome
101
Which of the following is NOT an Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD)?
sickle cell disease
102
What is the term for temporary state in which a person is physically and psychologically impaired because of a toxin affecting the central nervous system?
intoxication
103
Which of the following is NOT an effect caused by alcohol?
Decrease in appetite
104
```
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Korsakoff's syndrome?
anterograde amnesia
retrograde amnesia
short term memory loss
confabulation
```
short term memory loss
105
Which of the following is the worst way to treat a hangover?
drinking alcohol
106
Which of the following is NOT true of Narcan?
Narcan is used exclusively in emergency situations
107
```
Which of the following does not potentiate the effects of alcohol?
fluvoxamines
barbiturates
benzodiazepines
antihistamines
```
fluvoxamines
108
At what BAC level are gross motor functions (standing, walking) obviously impaired?
15%
109
What are the labels for axes in a dose-response curve?
x-axis dose
| y-axis response
110
What of the following cannot be determined from a dose-response curve?
side effects
111
What Schedule is heroin included in?
Schedule I
112
What is the process in which the body breaks down drugs into simpler components and waste products?
metabolism
113
What is another name for Xanax?
alprazolam
114
Which of the following organs is the one that predominantly metabolizes drugs?
liver
115
What is the list of rate of delivery of drugs into the body from fastest to slowest for psychoactive drugs?
Inhalation, injection, oral ingestion
116
Which drug will have the longest lasting effect?
a large dose of a high protein binding drug
117
```
Which of the following is NOT generally a side effect of benzodiazepines?
drowsiness
hallucinations
nausea
blurry vision
```
hallucination
118
The 1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act enforced which?
Drug manufactures to submit a NDA.
119
What schedule is marijuana included in?
schedule I
120
Which act first distinguished between prescription and over-the-counter drugs?
The 1938 Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
121
Before a drug may be released to the market on who must it be previously tested?
Two animal species, healthy humans, and non-healthy humans
122
Which of the following did NOT result from the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970?
Creation of the Director of National Drug Control Policy
123
Which government organization currently is occupied with enforcing drug related laws?
The DEA
124
How is alcohol metabolized?
The liver converts the alcohol using an enzyme called alcohol dehydrogenase
125
Define psychoactive drugs
Drugs which directly affect the brain
126
The mesolimbic pathway is a main passageway for which of the following neurotransmitters?
Dopamine
127
```
Which of the following neurotransmitters is NOT associated with drug use?
samatostatin
acetylcholine
nor-epinephrine
serotonin
```
samatostatin
128
The ANS (autonomic nervous system) contains which of the following branches?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic
129
```
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Schedule I drugs?
highly addictive
accepted medical use
unsafe
no accepted medical use
```
accepted medical use
130
What system is associated with the "flight or fight" reaction?
the sympathetic system
131
How is alcohol eliminated from the body?
Alcohol must be metabolized by the liver
132
```
A lack of acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex has been linked with which of the following diseases?
Parkinson's
Addison's
Huntington's
alzheimer's
```
alzheimers
133
Drug doses are determined principally by which factor?
weight
134
How is a drug's therapeutic index related to it safety?
The higher the therapeutic index is, the safer the drug is.
135
```
Which of the following is NOT a group of barbiturates?
slow acting
intermediate acting
medium acting
long acting
```
medium acting
136
Which of the following is NOT influenced by the route by which drugs are taken?
degree of addiction
137
```
Which of the following is NOT a basic category of psychoactive drugs?
depressant
hallucinogen
elevator
stimulant
```
elevator
138
Which of the following methods of drug administration is considered the safest?
oral
139
What is the term for the transportation of a drug to a certain site?
distribution
140
What does DSM-IV stand for?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
141
What is the formula for Blood Alcohol Content (BAC)?
BAC=NSD*.o3-NHD*.o2
142
```
Which of the following is NOT an effect of a drug leaving the body?
end of drug experience
rebound of earlier effects
desire to take more drugs
detoxification of blood
```
End of drug experience
143
```
Which of the following biological factors does NOT effect the reaction of an individual to a drug?
gender
age
genetics
height
```
height
144
What drug caused many birth defects before it was removed from the market?
thalidomide
145
What is homeostasis?
a state of balance which tries to restore itself if disrupted.
146
What is the maximum BAC at which a person is allowed to drive in the United States?
.08%
147
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
tolerance can be reversed
tolerance to a drug is developed at a constant rate
all drugs are subject to tolerance
tolerance is caused because of psychological reasons
tolerance can be reversed
148
What is synesthesia?
When a person's perception of two or more senses becomes mixed.
149
```
Which of the following groups are used to verify the result of certain drug tests are not just psychological?
control
placebo
animal
psychological
```
placebo
150
```
Which of the following is a Schedule II drug?
heroin
cocaine
marijuana
all of the above
```
cocaine
151
Which of the follow is a problem which was caused by Thalidomide?
deformed limbs
152
How many chemicals are released when a cigarette is burned?
over 4,000
153
Which category of drug is currently used as the primary choice for a sedative hypnotic?
benzodiazepines
154
Who produces the DSM-IV?
American Psychiatric Association
155
Why has prescribed use of barbiturates declined?
rapid tolerance development
156
```
Which of the following is NOT a stage of detoxification?
introduction of toxin
cleaning the body of toxin
removal of dead cells
rebuilding of damaged tissues
```
introduction of toxin
157
Which of the following is NOT true about heroin overdose?
It is not possible for a person's heroin tolerance to decrease
158
```
What is NOT a common problem of using sedative hypnotics?
rapid addiction
risk of overdose
severe withdrawal symptoms
anxiety
```
anxiety
159
How do NDRI's work?
NDRI's stop certain neurons from being able to reach a person's cells
160
What are carcinogens?
Chemicals which are known to cause cancer
161
```
Which of the following drugs does NOT share cross tolerance with the others?
benzodiazepines
alcohol
LSD
methaqualone
```
LSD
162
Which of the following is NOT true of carbon monoxide?
It is not dangerous to be exposed to carbon monoxide for long period of time
163
For which of the following was peyote NOT used in Native American culture?
Peyote was not used at all in the Native American culture
164
```
Which of the following is a non-beneficial effect of benzodiazepines?
rapid addiction
anterograde amnesia
low lethal doses
long duration
```
anterograde amnesia
165
Cocaine is used medicinally in which situation?
numbing of the upper respiratory tract
166
```
Which of the following contains sedative and pain relieving components which depress the central nervous system?
narcotics
depressants
hallucinogens
stimulants
```
narcotics
167
```
Which of the following is NOT a narcotic?
heroin
mescaline
opium
codeine
```
mescaline
168
Which of the following is TRUE of benzodiazepines?
Benzodiazepines work by decreasing brain function, and as the dose increases so do the side effects
169
```
When two acetyl groups are attached to morphine which of the following drugs result?
codeine
methadone
heroin
mescaline
```
heroin
170
What is naloxone?
a narcotic blocker
171
What is kosakoff's syndrome caused by?
thiamine deficiency
172
```
Which of the following is the most life-threatening effect of narcotic use?
brain damage
drowsiness
respiratory depression
nausea
```
respiratory depression
173
Which type of drugs cause formication syndrome?
stimulants
174
```
Which of the following is a withdrawal symptom of LSD?
vomiting
depression
muscle cramps
there are no known withdrawal symptoms
```
there are no known withdrawal symptoms
175
```
Which of the following is NOT a withdrawal symptom of PCP?
nausea
violence
muscle rigidity
coma
```
nausea
176
What is another name for valium?
diazepam
177
Which of the following correctly lists the drug high duration of cocaine by various administration methods from longest to shortest?
Chewed, nasal inhalation, injection, smoked
178
```
Which of the following effect do NOT result from high cocaine dosage?
psychotic state
death
seizures
exhaustion
```
exhaustion
179
Which of the following is another name for naloxone hydrochloride?
Narcan
180
```
Which of the following is Valium NOT used for?
alcohol withdrawal
seizures
anxiety
heart failure
```
heart failure
181
```
Which of the following is NOT a direct effect of caffeine?
stimulation of gastric acid
muscle fatigue
diuresis
stimulation of the heart
```
muscle fatigue
182
```
Which of the following is NOT a property of Xanax?
sedative
hypnotic
slow onset
muscle relaxant
```
slow onset
183
Who discovered LSD (d-lysergic acid diethylamide)?
The Swiss Hofmann
184
What is an effective dose of LSD?
50 mg
185
How is therapeutic index calculated?
LD50/ED50
186
What is the term for the incidence where senses blend (seeing sound)?
synesthesia
187
```
Which of the following hallucinogens does NOT occur naturally?
psilocybin
DMT
LSD
Mescaline
```
LSD
188
Which hallucinogen most frequently alters and individual's perception of their body?
PCP
189
What is pharmacotherapy?
Using a drug to help treat addiction
190
Which of the following is TRUE of cannabis?
All types of cannabis have psychoactive properties
191
```
Which of the following is NOT a type of cannabis?
sativa
ruderalis
diazepalis
indica
```
diazepalis
192
Which of the following is NOT true?
Alcohol is considered safe to drink during the first two months of pregnancy
193
What is detoxification?
The process by which the body rids itself of harmful toxins
194
Which of the following factors most influences whether drug addiction treatment will be successful?
personality and environment
195
What must occur in order for a drug to affect the brain?
pass the blood-brain barrier
196
In what organ are hepatic enzymes found?
liver
197
When in the brain, drugs:
defuse everywhere
198
What is the term for a concentration of drug at a specific location of available reactivity within the body?
bioavailability
199
Which of the following is TRUE of barbiturates?
slow acting barbiturates take effect very quickly
200
When taken with food in the stomach, a drug:
will be absorbed slower
201
What does NDRI stand for?
Norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitors
202
Why does a drug passing through the lungs have a rapid effect?
very accessible capillary walls
203
Which organ in human anatomy is the most complex?
brain
204
Which organ removes drugs from the body?
kidney
205
Which organ most affects the distribution of drug in the body?
heart
206
The enzymes in the liver
are specialized to deal with foreign chemicals
207
Toulene is
water soluable
208
What does FAS stand for?
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
209
```
Which of the following is a stimulant?
cocaine
beer
wine
cannabis
```
cocaine
210
Which of the following would NOT be considered synesthesia?
hearing a thought
211
Which of the following categories of drugs make you see or hear things that are not there?
stimulants
depressants
hallucinogens
hallucinogens
212
MDMA (ecstasy), GHB, Rohypnol (Ruffies), Clarity, and Ketamines (Special K) area all examples of what kinds of drugs?
club drugs
213
```
Which of the following are narcotics?
peyote
codeine
LSD
Advil
```
codeine
214
Which of the following is the correct abbreviation for carboxyhemoglobin?
COHb
215
```
Which of the following is NOT a withdrawal symptom of cocaine?
irritability
depression
vomiting and shaking
craving
```
vomiting and shaking
216
A sedative drug will
decrease heart rate
217
```
Which of the following is an amphetamine?
caffeine
advil
wine
LSD
```
caffeine
218
```
Which of the following is a common gateway drug?
steroids
crack
LSD
marijuana
```
marijuana
219
```
Which of the following is NOT considered a possible fetal alcohol syndrome disorder?
poor coordication
learning disabilities
hyperactive behavior
liver failure
```
liver failure
220
```
Which of the following is illegal to individuals 16 years of age?
alcohol
tobacco
chew
all of the above
```
all of the above
221
```
Which of the following is a withdrawal symptom for marijuana?
anger
chills
insomnia
all of the above
```
all of the above
222
Which act taxed the importation and sale of opiates?
the 1914 Harrison act
223
```
Which of the following drugs is approved by the FDA to treat insomnia?
Xanax
lunesta
claratin
mescaline
```
lunesta
224
```
Which of the following chemicals is used as an inhalant?
toluene
codeine
telazol
MDMA
```
toluene
225
How many major arteries supply the brain with blood?
four
226
St. John's Wort is used to treat which of the following?
insomnia
fatigue
depression
depression
227
Kava kava is used to treat which of the following?
insomnia
fatigue
depression
fatigue
228
cocaine is included in which schedule of drugs?
schedule II
229
What is the most common way for new drugs to be discovered?
accidental observation of effects
230
```
Which of the following is NOT a withdrawal symptom of heroin?
aches
nausea
muscle cramps
no known withdrawal symptoms
```
no known withdrawal symptoms
231
Xanax, Darvocet and Ambien are considered to be on which schedule?
schedule IV
232
What is the term to describe the interaction between two or more drugs where the effects of the drugs combined are greater than the addition of the effects of the drugs taken separately?
potentiation
233
Inhaling from a inhalant-soaked rag is called
huffing
234
The branch of pharmacology concerned with the movement of drugs within the body is called
pharmacokinetics
