Dubin's: Chapter 1

Question 1

Which polarization is represented by the broad hump on an EKG?

Answer 1

repolarization

Question 2

Myocardial contraction is caused by ______ of myocytes

Answer 2

depolarization

Question 3

The recovery phase following depolarization is

Answer 3

repolarization

Question 4

When the wave of Na ions moves towards the positive electrode, there is a simultaneous ______ on the ekg

Answer 4

upward deflection

Question 5

upward wave on ekg = a

Answer 5

depolarization wave moving towards a positive electrode

Question 6

The heart’s dominate pace maker

Answer 6

SA node

Question 7

The SA node is located

Answer 7

upper-posterior wall of right atrium

Question 8

The circular depol wave flows away from the SA node in ______ directions

Answer 8

all

Question 9

The generation of pacemaking stimuli

Answer 9

automaticity

Question 10

The wave of depolarization sweeping through the atria (atrial depolarization) is recorded as … on the EKG

Answer 10

P wave

Question 11

What does the P wave represent the activity of?

Answer 11

Depolarization and contraction of both atria

Question 12

The AV valves prevent

Answer 12

ventricle-to-atrium blood backflow

Question 13

The AV valves electrically insulate the _____ from the ____?

Answer 13

ventricles from the atria

Question 14

Which side of the heart is the the tRIcuspid valve on?

Answer 14

The RIght side

Question 15

Where does oxygen-depleted blood enter the heart?

Answer 15

The right atrium

Question 16

Atrial contraction forces the blood through the tricuspid valve, and into the _____.

Answer 16

Right ventricle

Question 17

The right ventricle pumps the blood into the ______ -> ______ ->and then the _____.

Answer 17

The pulmonary valve, the pulmonary artery, lungs

Question 18

Oxygenated blood from the lungs enters the _____.

Answer 18

Left atrium

Question 19

When the left atrium contracts, it forces the blood through ______, and into the _______, which pumps blood through the _____ and into the _______

Answer 19

Mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta

Question 20

The mitraL valve is on the _____ side

Answer 20

L.eft

Question 21

When the atrial depol enters the ______ node, depol ______

Answer 21

AV, slows

Question 22

The slowing of depol allows for

Answer 22

time for the blood in the atria to enter the ventricles

Question 23

What carries the slow conduction through the AV node?

Answer 23

Calcium ions

Question 24

On an EKG, what represents the beginning of ventricular contraction?

Answer 24

QRS complex

Question 25

The QRS wave represents ________.

Answer 25

Ventricular depolarization

Question 26

ST segment represents plateau phase of _____.

Answer 26

Ventricular repol

Question 27

The T wave represents the _____ _______ of ventricular repolarization

Answer 27

Rapid phase

Question 28

Repolarization is accomplished by _____ ______ leaving the myocytes

Answer 28

Potassium (K+) ions

Question 29

Ventricular contraction (systole) spans _______ and ______ of the ventricles.

Answer 29

depolarization and repolarization

Question 30

The QT interval represents

Answer 30

Ventricular systole

Question 31

The QT interval is a good indicator of ________, since this comprises most of the QT interval.

Answer 31

Repolarization

Question 32

QTc

Answer 32

Precise QT interval measurements, corrected for heart rate

Question 33

Normal QT interval

Answer 33

less than half of the R-to-R interval at normal rates

Question 34

P wave, QRS complex, T wave, and following baseline until another P wave appears

Answer 34

Cardiac Cycle

Question 35

Myocyte contraction is caused by ______ entering cell

Answer 35

Calcium ions (Ca++)

Question 36

Cell-to-cell conduction of depolarization in the heart is produced by _______. (Not considering exception)

Answer 36

Sodium ion (Na+)