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Flashcards in Duty Ethics Deck (37)
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1
Q

Kantian ethics aka

A

Duty ethics

2
Q

Deontological ethics aka

A

Duty ethics

3
Q

Duty ethics invented by

A

Emmanuel Kant

4
Q

Kantian ethics in a nutshell

A

An act has moral value when the will is perfectly aligned with duty

5
Q

Kantian ethics are universal (T/F)

A

T

6
Q

Morality relates to ___ not ___

A

purity of will, consequences of an action

7
Q

Will

A

A faculty of the mind

8
Q

Socrates made ___ intellect and the will

A

no separation

9
Q

A person’s will cannot be trained (T/F)

A

F

10
Q

Socrates argued shortcomings in our action ____

A

arise from incomplete knowledge

11
Q

The will ____ bodily actions

A

animates our

12
Q

Most people only pay attention to their will when

A

they’re in a crucible

13
Q

Kant believed we should rely on emotions in making moral decisions (T/F)

A

F

14
Q

According to Kantian ethics, an act has moral value when the will is perfectly aligned with duty (T/F)

A

T

15
Q

Kant believed actions should be motivated by duty alone (T/F)

A

T

16
Q

Which of the following is true?

1) the responsibilities of duty are in all rational beings
2) duties are established at a communal level, allowing for variation across cultures
3) duties are derived from lessons learned in experience
4) none of the above

A

( 1 )

17
Q

Kant believed morality can be deduced from consequences alone (T/F)

A

F (reason alone)

18
Q

a priori

A

knowledge gained independent of experience

19
Q

a priori example

A

“all bachelors are single men”

20
Q

a posteriori example

A

“the water in the lake is blue”

21
Q

Difference between a priori and a posteriori parallels that of the difference between

A

the formal and the material

22
Q

the material

A

a specific situation

23
Q

a universal moral law must be

A

a priori (not depend on experience/specifics)

24
Q

the formal principle

A

an unchanging truth

25
Q

Kant analyzes the divorce form ___ and ___

A

duty and inclinations/desires

26
Q

A will is good when ___

A

it is aligned with duty or obedience to moral law

27
Q

Maxim

A

a subjective principle that governs action

28
Q

Which statements can be ascribed to duty?

1) informs us of what we should do in each situation
2) obedience to the moral law
3) constructed from what we feel in each situation
4) good only when aligned with duty

A

1,2,4

29
Q

Kant believed that fundamental moral principles must be fluid to respond to the different situations people encounter (T/F)

A

F

30
Q

Which are true of a maxim?

1) Related to the individual
2) Shouldnt admit any situational exceptions
3) A subjective principle
4) Used to justify one’s actions

A

1,2,3,4

31
Q

Why must maxim’s not admit of situational exceptions?

A

This would render them too particular to fit into Kant’s universalist system

32
Q

A maxim is a universal principle that governs action (T/F)

A

F

33
Q

Contradicting the categorical imperative is immoral (T/F)

A

T

34
Q

Hypothetical Imperative

A

Follows an if then format (with room for choice)

35
Q

Categorical imperative

A

A goal for all rational beings of a certain category. It CANNOT be rejected

36
Q

When Kant uses the term categorical, he means…

A

applicable to all rational beings

37
Q

According to Kant, how should a maxim be tested?

A

Using the categorical imperative