DV Chapter 3

Question 1

What are the basic rules of Network Communication?

Answer 1

The message must have an identified sender and receiver

The message must be written in common language and grammar

The message must be sent in a timely manner

The message must be confirmed or acknowledged by the receiver

Question 2

What is the role of Ethernet and Wireless protocols?

Answer 2

They physically connect devices to a network.

Question 3

What is the role of DHCP and ICMPv6 protocols?

Answer 3

Provide IP addressing information, tells media where to send packets over the network, give DHCP information for when the device knows the name of the end location, but not the IP address.

Question 4

What is the role of the TCP protocol?

Answer 4

The TCP ensures reliability, and makes sure that packets reach their destination. If a packet fails, TCP is responsible for resending it.

Question 5

What is Message Encoding and Decoding?

Answer 5

Encoding is converting a message into another acceptable form for transmission. Decoding is when it is converted back to its original state at its destination.

Question 6

What is Formatting?

Answer 6

Formatting is making sure messages stick to a specific format depending on the type of message that is being sent.

Question 7

What is data encapsulation?

Answer 7

Encapsulation is breaking down large pieces of data into smaller, more transferable pieces. This makes traversing the network faster, and allows for protocol information to be imprinted on packets during travel.

Question 8

How are physical and logical addresses different?

Answer 8

Logical addresses are Layer 3 addresses that provide the IP information.

Physical addresses are the Layer 2 MAC addresses that are burned into specific media.

Question 9

Name all 7 Layers of the OSI model in order.

Answer 9

Application Layer (Data)
Presentation
Session
Transport (Segment)
Network (Packets)
Data link (Frames)
Physical (Bits)

Question 10

What 3 OSI layers can fit into a single TCP/IP layer?

Answer 10

Application, Presentation, and session (Application Layer)

The Network Interface layer of the TCP/IP model is also made up of multiple OSI layers (Data link and physical)

Question 11

What is De-encapsulation?

Answer 11

After data goes through encapsulation, it is put back together and De-encapsulated once it reaches the destination host.

Question 12

Name Network Communication protocols.

Answer 12

IP (Internet Protocol)
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol)

Network Communication protocols enable two or more devices to be able to communicate over one or more networks.

Question 13

Name Network Security protocols.

Answer 13

SSH (Secure Shell)
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer)
TLS (Transport Layer Security)

Network Security protocols secure data and provide encryption, authentication, and data integrity.

Question 14

Name Routing Protocols

Answer 14

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)

Routing protocols enable routers to exchange information, compare path information with other routers, and determine the best path to their destination.

Question 15

Name Service Discovery protocols.

Answer 15

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
DNS (Domain Name System)

Used for Automatic detection of devices and services over a network.

Question 16

Why is OSI not the current standard model?

Answer 16

OSI was invented in 1977 before the internet was invented. Things have changed since then, so it’s used more as an outline of what is happening when data moves across a network. The TCP/IP model is more modern and practical, however it can be a bit vague if you don’t understand the encapsulation process, so the OSI model is still used to break it down.

Question 17

Name the key Network Standards Organizations, and how they pertain to network protocols.

Answer 17

ISOC (Internet Society) Responsible for promoting the evolution and development of the internet around the world.
IAB (Internet Architecture Board) Responsible for developing many of the internets standards.
IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) Develops, maintains and updates the TCP/IP technologies. Requests, updates and develops new protocols.
IRTF (Internet Research Task Force) Does long-term research on TCP/IP technologies.

Question 18

What is the difference between Broadcast, Multicast, and Unicast?

Answer 18

Broadcast, Sends message to all end devices on a network
Multicast, Sends Message to a select group of devices on a network,
Unicast, Message sent from one device to another single device.

Question 19

What is the term used for the control of the speed of data being sent so the destination device can understand it?

Answer 19

Flow Control

Question 20

What is Response Timeout?

Answer 20

If a message is sent, and there is no response in a set amount of time, the communication will be terminated.