Dynamic Planet

Question 1

What is a glacier?

Answer 1

A glacier is a large mass of ice that forms from compacted snow and moves slowly over land.

Question 2

True or False: Glaciers can only be found in polar regions.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

What are the two main types of glaciers?

Answer 3

The two main types of glaciers are alpine glaciers and continental glaciers.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: Glaciers are formed from __________.

Answer 4

snow

Question 5

What process leads to the movement of glaciers?

Answer 5

Gravity causes glaciers to flow downhill.

Question 6

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of glaciers? A) They flow B) They are made of liquid water C) They can carve landscapes

Answer 6

B) They are made of liquid water

Question 7

What is the term for the area where a glacier accumulates snow?

Answer 7

The accumulation zone.

Question 8

True or False: Glaciers can be found on every continent.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is the name of the process by which glaciers erode the landscape?

Answer 9

Glacial erosion.

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the part of the glacier where ice melts and there is a net loss of mass.

Answer 10

Ablation zone

Question 11

What is the term for the movement of a glacier sliding over its base?

Answer 11

Basal sliding.

Question 12

Multiple choice: What is a common result of glacial erosion? A) Formation of valleys B) Creation of deserts C) Increase in ocean levels

Answer 12

A) Formation of valleys

Question 13

What is a moraine?

Answer 13

A moraine is an accumulation of dirt and rocks that have been pushed along by a glacier.

Question 14

True or False: Glaciers can contribute to sea level rise when they melt.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What is the term used for the measurement of a glacier’s mass balance?

Answer 15

Glacier mass balance.

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The __________ effect refers to the warming of the climate causing glaciers to melt.

Answer 16

greenhouse

Question 17

What is calving in relation to glaciers?

Answer 17

Calving is the process where chunks of ice break off from the edge of a glacier.

Question 18

Multiple choice: Which of the following is a consequence of glacial retreat? A) Habitat loss B) Increased biodiversity C) Stable sea levels

Answer 18

A) Habitat loss

Question 19

What are icebergs?

Answer 19

Icebergs are large pieces of freshwater ice that have broken off from glaciers and float in oceans.

Question 20

True or False: Glaciers are primarily composed of freshwater.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What is the term for a glacier that flows into the sea?

Answer 21

Tidewater glacier.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: __________ are formed when glaciers carve out deep valleys.

Answer 22

U-shaped valleys

Question 23

What is the primary driver of glacier formation?

Answer 23

Cold temperatures and sufficient snowfall.

Question 24

Multiple choice: Which factor does NOT influence glacier movement? A) Temperature B) Time of year C) Local land use

Answer 24

C) Local land use

Question 25

What is the significance of studying glaciers?

Answer 25

Studying glaciers helps understand climate change, water resources, and past environmental conditions.

Question 26

True or False: All glaciers are retreating due to climate change.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

Which of the following are not erosional landscapes in a glacial environment? A) Aretes, B) Moraines, C) U-Shaped Valleys, or D) Hanging Valleys?

Answer 27

B. Moraines are a depositional glacial landform, not an erosional one.

Question 28

What are the two types of glacial landforms?

Answer 28

Erosional and Depositional

Question 29

How much of the Earth’s surface do glaciers cover in the present day?

Answer 29

3% of Earth's surface is covered by glaciers.

Question 30

What is a Alpine glacier?

Answer 30

An Alpine glacier is a glacier that is confined by surrounding mountain terrain.

Question 31

Alpine glaciers can be found in a cirque in a mountain. True or false?

Answer 31

True- As long as the Alpine glacier is in a mountainous environment.

Question 32

What is firn?

Answer 32

Firn is snow that has not yet been compressed into ice. Firn is also snow that has survived a whole year ( or more) of not melting. Firn is right above glacial ice and as more snow accumulates on it, the firn turns into ice.

Question 33

How do you know when firn turns into ice?

Answer 33

Firn will turn into ice if the air between the ice grains are sealed off and/or become bubbles.

Question 34

Why does basal sliding happen?

Answer 34

Basal sliding happens when the base of the glacier has a thin layer of water below it, causing the glacier is slide easily. Ex. An ice cube will slide on a spill of water.

Question 35

A glacier with a thin layer of water at its base is called what?

Answer 35

Wet-bottom Glacier

Question 36

How do wet-bottom glaciers form?

Answer 36

They form when the the pressure of all the mass above compresses the ice at the base, causing the ice to melt.

Question 37

Why was the Pleistocene era an important part of the history of glaciers?

Answer 37

The Pleistocene era was known as the period of the ice age where most of North America was covered by a huge continental glacier, Ex. The Laurentide Ice Sheet of North America, so it was quite significant.

Question 38

What is it called when a glacier that is moving cuts and creates scratches in the ground?

Answer 38

Glacial Striations

Question 39

What are scientists that study glaciers called?

Answer 39

Glaciologists

Question 40

What is Glaciation?

Answer 40

Glaciation is the process in which moving glaciers erode and carve out the landscape around them.

Question 41

True or False? U-Shaped Valleys are formed from glaciation.

Answer 41

True

Question 42

True or False? Cirques are formed by Alpine glaciers.

Answer 42

True

Question 43

What glacial landforms is formed from a cirque filling up with water?

Answer 43

A tarn

Question 44

What happens when 3 Cirques surround a sharp point of a mountain?

Answer 44

A horn is created

Question 45

What are continental glaciers?

Answer 45

Continental glaciers are glaciers that are large ice sheets that cover a vast, big area. Ex. The Greenland ice sheet that basically covers all of Greenland.

Question 46

Most glaciation is caused by deposition. True or false?

Answer 46

False- Almost all of glaciation is caused by erosion ( moraines are an exception though)

Question 47

If moraines are formed by glaciation, why are they depositional, not erosional?

Answer 47

Moraines are are formed by glaciation because glaciers carry dirt and rock that they erode, and that makes moraines. This makes it depositional, but glaciation caused it.

Question 48

V-shaped valleys were carved into U-shaped valleys through glaciation. True or False?

Answer 48

True

Question 49

Many glaciers are found in elevated areas as in the Andes, Swiss Alps, and other mountain ranges. This is the majority of glacier locations in this world. True or False?

Answer 49

False- Antarctica holds literally all of the glaciers ( 91%)!

Question 50

What word does glacier come from and in what language?

Answer 50

Glacier comes from the French word glace, which means ice.

Question 51

Continental glaciers are also known as what?

Answer 51

Ice Sheets