Dysarthria

Question 1

What are the 7 types of dysarthria?

Answer 1

flaccid
spastic
ataxic
mixed
unilateral UMN
hypokinetic
hyperkinetic

Question 2

what are the 8 common causes of dysarthria?

Answer 2

stroke
TBI
cerebral palsy
Parkinson’s
Huntington’s
brain tumour
MS
ALS/MND

Question 3

what are the five speech systems?

Answer 3

respiration
phonation
articulation
resonance
prosod

Question 4

what does respiration therapy target?

Answer 4

improving respiration to gain better control during speech

Question 5

what does phonation therapy target?

Answer 5

improving vocal fold adduction during phonation

Question 6

what does resonance therapy target?

Answer 6

nasal airflow

Question 7

what does articulation therapy target?

Answer 7

consonant precision

Question 8

what does prosody therapy target?

Answer 8

naturalness of speech

Question 9

What is an example of a respiration treatment? (2)

Answer 9

adjusting posture
establishing abdominal breathing patterns

Question 10

what is an example of a phonation treatment? (1)

Answer 10

LSVT therapy for increasing phonatory effort

Question 11

what is an example of a resonance treatment? (1)

Answer 11

velar strengthening exercises

Question 12

what is an example of an articulation treatment? (2)

Answer 12

increased awareness of errors
minimal contrast/pairs drills

Question 13

what is an example of a prosody treatment? (2)

Answer 13

increased awareness
intonation drills

Question 14

What are three dysarthria assessment tools?

Answer 14

Frenchay Dysarthria Assessment (FDA-2)
Dysarthria Impact Profile (DIP)
Newcastle Dysarthria Assessment Tool (N-DAT)

Question 15

What are restorative treatments for dysarthria? (3)

Answer 15

speech intelligibility
prosody and naturalness
efficiency of speech

Question 16

What are compensatory treatments for dysarthria? (4)

Answer 16

improve listener skills
AAC
change communication environment
increase communication strategies

Question 17

What is the goal of dysarthria treatment? (3 key words)

Answer 17

To maximise the effectiveness, efficiency, or naturalness of communication.

Question 18

Where is a lesion localized for flaccid dysarthria?

Answer 18

Lower motor neuron (Powerlines to the house)

Question 19

Where is a lesion localized for spastic dysarthria?

Answer 19

bilateral UMN

Question 20

Where is a lesion localized for unilateral UMN dysarthria?

Answer 20

Unilateral UMN

Question 21

Where is a lesion localized for ataxic dysarthria?

Answer 21

cerebellum (music conductor - adjusting motor and sensory)

Question 22

Where is a lesion localized for hypokinetic dysarthria?

Answer 22

Basal Ganglia control circuit (extrapyramidal)

Question 23

Where is a lesion localized for hypekinetic dysarthria?

Answer 23

Basal Ganglia control circuit (extrapyramidal)

Question 24

How does flaccid dysarthria affect speech? (7)

Answer 24

breathy voice
low volume
monopitch
stridor
slurred speech
hypernasality
imprecise articulation

Question 25

How does spastic dysarthria affect speech? (4) Think: CP Siri girl

Answer 25

Increased tone slow and effortful imprecise articulation strained phonation

Question 26

How does hypokinetic dysarthria affect speech? (7) Think: interview with ex-surgeon

Answer 26

reduced movement of the articulators MUMBLING lack of awareness reduced volume dysphonia (breathy and rough) reduced articulation monotone

Question 27

How does hyperkinetic dysarthria affect speech? (1) Think: Greg - Nebraska Huntington's

Answer 27

Excess movement of the articulators dystonia (man in hospital - open jaw)

Question 28

How does unilateral UMN dysarthria affect speech? (3) Think: typical single stroke presentation / lady in the car

Answer 28

slurred speech imprecise articulation slow rate

Question 29

How does ataxic dysarthria affect speech? (4) Think: Joanna - 4 years later video

Answer 29

IRREGULAR ERRORS slurred speech (sounds like they're drunk) excessive and equal stress on syllables timing and force are off

Question 30

What disease/disorder is a hyperactive gag reflex a clinical presentation of?

Answer 30

Spastic Dysarthria

Question 31

What is the role of the Speech Pathologist during the assessment stage? (5)

Answer 31

Case History Observations OME (oral motor exam) to assess oral mechanism and cranial nerve function Speech and Language assessments ICF - activity and participation, environmental factors

Question 32

What is Parkinson's Disease and it's impact on speech and language?

Answer 32

Brain disorder that causes unintended and uncontrollable movements Think hypokinetic dysarthria: reduced movement of the articulator muscles

Question 33

What is ALS/MND and it's impact on speech and language?

Answer 33

Disease that affects motor neurons (voluntary movement) ALS/MND attacks bulbar neurons (lips, tongue, soft palate, jaw, and vocal folds