Dysrhythmias

Question 0

What does a visible U wave indicate

Answer 0

Low potassium

Question 1

What does a peaked T wave indicate

Answer 1

High potassium

Question 2

What does a flattened T wave indicate

Answer 2

Ischemia

Question 3

What does a deep Q wave indicate

Answer 3

Necrosis

Question 4

What does a notch in the QRS complex indicate

Answer 4

Bundle branch block

Question 5

dysrhythmia:

sinus node creates an impulse at a < normal rate

Answer 5

sinus bradycardia

Question 6

what are some causes of sinus bradycardia

Answer 6

athlete
vagal stimulation
⬇️ metabolic rate
❤️ disease
meds

Question 7

which 3 meds are given to treat sinus bradycardia

Answer 7

Atropine
Dopamine
Epinephrine

Question 8

dysrhythmia:

all atrial impulses are conducted through the AV node into the ventricle at a slower rate

Answer 8

1st degree AV block

Question 9

how long is the conduction rate with 1st degree AV block

Answer 9

> 0.20 seconds

Question 10

dysrhythmia:

all but 1 atrial impulse is conducted through the AV node

Answer 10

2nd degree AV block (type I)

Question 11

which type of AV block is the PR interval progressively prolonged until the impulse is not conducted to ventricles

Answer 11

2nd degree AV block, type I

Question 12

dysrhythmia:

only some atrial impulses are conducted through the AV node

Answer 12

2nd degree AV block, type II

Question 13

which type of AV block is the PR interval constant but not all impulses are conducted

Answer 13

2nd degree AV block, type II

Question 14

dysrhythmia:

complete block of all impulses to ventricles

Answer 14

3rd degree AV block

Question 15

dysrhythmia:

AV node is the pacemaker instead of the SA node

Answer 15

junctional rhythm

Question 16

what are 2 s/s that may be seen with junctional rhythm

Answer 16

⬇️ CO

inverted T waves

Question 17

dysrhythmia:

sinus node creates an impulse at a faster than normal rate

Answer 17

sinus tachycardia

Question 18

what are some causes of sinus tachycardia

Answer 18

⬆️ sympathetic tone
⬆️ metabolic demands
stimulants
stress

Question 19

how is sinus tachycardia treated

Answer 19

treat the cause

Question 20

dysrhythmia:

an electrical impulse starts in the atrium before the next normal impulse of the SA node

Answer 20

premature atrial complex (SVT)

Question 21

dysrhythmia:

uncoordinated electrical activation that causes a rapid, disorganized twitching of atrial musculature

Answer 21

atrial fibrilation

Question 22

what is the cause of A fib (2)

Answer 22

advanced age

❤️ disease

Question 23

what are the 4 tx options for A Fib

Answer 23

cardioversion
Amiodarone
Beta blocker
Calcium channel blocker

Question 24

dysrhythmia: | occurs because of a conduction defectin the atrium; causes a rapid, regular atrial rate from 250-400 x/min

Answer 24

atrial flutter

Question 25

pt's w/ what 2 diseases are at risk for atrial flutter

Answer 25

COPD | ❤️

Question 26

what are 2 tx options for atrial flutter

Answer 26

vagal manuever | Adenosine

Question 27

dysrhythmia: | an impulse that starts in a ventricle and is conducted before the next normal sinus impulse

Answer 27

PVC

Question 28

what are causes of PVC

Answer 28

electrolytes hypoxia myocardial irritation

Question 29

what may occur with frequent PVCs

Answer 29

⬇️ CO ➡️ V tach/V fib

Question 30

what is the tx for PVCs

Answer 30

Lidocaine | search for reversible causes

Question 31

dysrhythmia: | 3+ PVCs in a row w/ HR > 100 bpm

Answer 31

ventricular tachycardia

Question 32

what are the causes of V tach

Answer 32

electrolytes hypoxia myocardial irritation

Question 33

what are tx for V tach

Answer 33

``` cardioversion defibrillation Amiodarone Lidocaine Pronestyl Betapace ```

Question 34

what is the tx for V tach if the pt has no pulse

Answer 34

``` CPR defibrillation epinephrine vasopression Amiodarone ```

Question 35

dysrhythmia: | a rapid disorganized ventricular rhythm that causes ineffective quivering of the ventricles; no atrial activity

Answer 35

ventricular fibrillation

Question 36

what are some causes of V fib

Answer 36

``` MI unsuccessful tx of V tach cardiomyopathy proarrhythmic meds electrolyes electrical shock ```

Question 37

dysrhythmia: | absent QRS complexes confirmed by 2 leads

Answer 37

asystole

Question 38

what is the tx for asystole

Answer 38

CPR defibrillation epinephrine vasopressin

Question 39

what are some causes of asystole

Answer 39

``` hypoxia acidosis electrolytes drug OD cardiac tamponade pneumothorax clots trauma hypothermia ```

Question 40

MI - clots high in fibrin

Answer 40

STEMI

Question 41

MI - clots high in platelets

Answer 41

NSTEMI

Question 42

which side of the ❤️ does an anterior wall MI occur on

Answer 42

left

Question 43

which side of the ❤️ does an inferior wall MI occur on

Answer 43

right

Question 44

which wall of MI affects a major part of the ❤️ & lung; pt may do poorly

Answer 44

anterior wall