E2P1 Flashcards
(27 cards)
Benzene
-parent family of?
-how many carbons and hydrogen?
-shape?
-parent family of aromatic hydrocarbons
-it has 6 carbons and 6 hydrogens due to the alternating double bonds
-shape of hexagon
Resonance
-definition
-what is used between resonance structures?
-these structures differ only in?
-way of describing delocalized electrons (rotating electrons) within certain molecules
-a double headed arrow
-only differ in the placement of the electrons and NOT in any change in position of carbon or hydrogen
-when benzenes have a circle that means…
-what moves in resonance?
-when electrons move over…
-when a circle is represented that demonstrates the electrons rotating and carbons sharing electrons with one another
-electrons NOT the atom/molecule
-when electrons move over, double bond moves over
-Are benzenes stable?
-Do they react?
-Yes, they are extremely stable because of resonance and the shifting of electrons
-They don’t react like addition reactions. However they undergo substitution reactions
Hybridization of benzene?
-Sp2
-In benzene, carbon orbitals form what bonds to hydrogen?
-at each carbon there are what orbitals?
-how many electrons and where do they come from?
-^these electrons form?
-sigma bonds
-pie orbitals
-6 electrons, one from each carbon
-they form an electron cloud of pi bonds which lie above and below the ring plane
angle of benzene?
120 degrees
toluene
CH3
Phenyl
R group
Phenol
OH
Benzyl
CH2 - R
Aniline
NH2
Benzonitrile
C triple bonded to N
Benzoic Acid
COOH (Carboxylic Acid)
Benzaldehyde
CHO (aldehyde)
Benzene sulfonic acid
SO3H
Ortho
1,2
Meta
1,3
Para
1,4
nitro
NO2
Hydroxy
OH
Amino
NH2
arenes
alkyl substituted benzenes
-phenyl is used in the name when?
-what groups gives the parent name?
-the alkyl group has more carbons than the benzene (6)
-the larger group
Ex: 3-phenyloctane
