Ear and Nose Anatomy

Question 1

What nerve innervates the bottoms diagonal region of the nasal cavity?

Answer 1

V2 = Maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve

More specifically the nasopalatine nerve

Question 2

What is the name of the foramen that the nasopalatine nerve passes through?

Answer 2

Sphenopalatine foramen

Question 3

What drains to the sphenoethmoidal recess?

Answer 3

sphenoid sinus

Question 4

What drains to the superior meatus?

Answer 4

Posterior ethmoidal air cells

Question 5

What is the origin and course of the posterior and anterior ethmoidal arteries?

Answer 5

Branch from ophthalmic artery

Come in lateral to orbit before diving down through the cribriform plate area

Question 6

What is the site where arteries anastomose in nasal cavity called

Answer 6

Kiesselbach’s area

Question 7

What drains to the bulla of the middle meatus?

Answer 7

Middle ethmoidal air cells

Question 8

Where are balance hair cells found?

Answer 8

In regions called maculae

Question 9

Describe the pathway for afferent CNI sensory

Answer 9

Receptor cells in olfactory epithelium then through cribriform plate of ethmoid bone and synapse at olfactory bulb. Neurones travel via olfactory tract to temporal lobe of brain.

Question 10

What is the little nubbin on medial ear called?

Answer 10

Tragus

Question 11

What innervates the internal surface of tympanic membrane?

Answer 11

CNIX (glossopharyngeal)

Question 12

What is the function of the stapedius?

Answer 12

Stops stapes moving too much and protect inner ear from excessive noise

Question 13

Function of nasal cavity

Answer 13

Filter, humidify and warms air

Olfactory epithelium allows sense of smell

Question 14

What connects the middle ear and mastoid antrum?

Answer 14

Aditus

Question 15

What are the parts of the temporal bone?

Answer 15

Squamous and petrous

Question 16

What nerve innervates the top diagonal region of the nasal cavity?

Answer 16

V1 = ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve

More specifically the anterior ethmoidal nerve

Question 17

What is the path of CNVII?

Answer 17

Pontomedullary junction then internal acoustic meatus (in postural fossa) then out via stylomastoid foramen

Question 18

What is the outside ear called?

Answer 18

Pina

Question 19

What is the most inwardly depressed part of the tympanic membrane called?

Answer 19

Umbo

Question 20

Innervation to Tensor Tympani?

Answer 20

CNV3

Question 21

What muscles are in the middle ear?

Answer 21

Stapedius

Tensor tympani

Question 22

where does sound enter and exit the inner ear?

Answer 22

Oval window

Round window

Question 23

What is the lymphatic drainage around the ear?

Answer 23

Parotid, mastoid nodes then to superficial cervical nodes and then to thoracic duct (left) or right lymphatic duct

Question 24

Nerve supply to eustachian tube?

Answer 24

CNIX (think back of throat and tongue etc)

Question 25

What is the Kiesselbach's area?

Answer 25

Site where arteries anastomose in nasal cavity | Located on the nasal septum

Question 26

What arteries are important?

Answer 26

External carotid artery gives off maxillary and facial | Facial gives off superior labial artery which does lips and up into nose

Question 27

What is the origin of the sphenopalatine artery?

Answer 27

Branch of the maxillary artery (which comes off of ECA)

Question 28

What is the origin of the lateral nasal artery?

Answer 28

Facial artery

Question 29

Name the paranasal sinuses

Answer 29

Frontal sinuses Ethmoid air cells Sphenoid sinuses Maxillary sinuses

Question 30

Name some bony features of the petrous part of temporal bone

Answer 30

Zygomatic process External acoustic meatus Mastoid process Styloid process

Question 31

What are the 3 bones of the middle ear?

Answer 31

Malleus, incus and stapes

Question 32

Where does CNVII come out of brain?

Answer 32

Pontomedullary junction

Question 33

What innervates the rim of the pina?

Answer 33

Spinal nerves C2, C3

Question 34

What is the name for loss of smell?

Answer 34

Anosmia

Question 35

What innervates the external surface of tympanic membrane?

Answer 35

Mostly V3

Question 36

What is the origin of the greater palatine artery?

Answer 36

Sphenopalatine and before that maxillary

Question 37

What innervates the canal?

Answer 37

Little splashes of CNVII Three quarters V3 Bottom and anterior quarter is CNX

Question 38

What is the mastoid antrum?

Answer 38

Air space behind the middle ear

Question 39

What are the bones of the nose?

Answer 39

Frontal, nasal, ethmoid bone (perpendicular plate), maxilla, vomer

Question 40

What bones articulate at pterion?

Answer 40

Frontal, parietal, maxillary, sphenoid

Question 41

What drains to the inferior meatus?

Answer 41

Nasolacrimal duct

Question 42

What drains to the semi lunar hiatus of the middle meatus?

Answer 42

Frontal sinus Maxillary sinus Anterior ethmoidal air cells