Early Childhood

Question 1

T or F
No much physical changes occurs in early childhood,
but there are many cognitive changes

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 1

T or F
Piaget’s has the most accurate theory

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

T or F
Children understand the world with words– mental
categories of related events, objects, and knowledge

Answer 2

FASLE
Children understand the world with schemes – mental
categories of related events, objects, and knowledge

Question 3

new experiences that are readily incorporated in existing schemes. When they throw a ball, children know that it
will fall - the scheme

Answer 3

Assimilation

Question 4

In ___, children will throw things and try to experiment on things, which is their way of discovering things

Answer 4

Assimilation

Question 5

when schemes are modified based on
experience.

Answer 5

Accommodation

Question 6

When? (what age)
Runs well, pedals tricycle, broad jumps, walks
upstairs alt feet

Answer 6

3 years

Question 7

When? (what age)
Walks downstairs alt feet, hops on one foot, sits up
from supine without rotating

Answer 7

4 years

Question 7

What age?
Skips, tiptoes, balances 10 seconds on each foot

Answer 7

5 years

Question 8

What stage of development?
preschool and early elementary school years, 2-7 years old

Answer 8

Preoperational

Question 9

What age?
Continuing refinement of skills

Answer 9

7 years

Question 9

What age?
Copies circle, overhand throwing, catches with extended arms

Answer 9

3 years

Question 9

What age?
Rides bicycle, roller skates

Answer 9

6 years

Question 10

What age?
Handles a pencil by finger and wrist action, copes cross, throws underhand, cuts with scissors

Answer 10

4 years

Question 11

What age?
Throws diagonal arm and body with rotation, catches
with hands, draws man with head, body, and extremities

Answer 11

5 years

Question 11

What age?
Prints alphabet, mature throw ball

Answer 11

6 years

Question 12

What stage of developm,ent?
- infancy, 0-2 years old
o Infancy schemes are based on actions
o They try to group objects based on what they can perform

Answer 12

Sensorimotor

Question 13

What stage of development?
middle and late elementary
school years, 7-11 years old
o They learn that dogs and cats are conceptual categories

Answer 13

Concrete Operational

Question 13

What stage of development?
adolescence and adulthood, 11 years old and up
o They increasingly form the abstract properties
o Category ideologies of feminism, racism

Answer 13

Formal Operational

Question 14

How they discover and understand the environment by using their senses

Answer 14

Sensorimotor

Question 14

Three characteristics: of Preoperational stage

Answer 14

Egocentrism
Centration
Appearance as Reality

Question 15

neural structures that are built in and allow the mind to operate
o A healthy brain, no much problems

Answer 15

Mental hardware

Question 16

T or F
A congenital defect - anencephaly, the brain is not much developed due to the failure of closure of anterior neuropore

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

When we pair neutral and unconditioned stimulus to produce a conditioned response
➢ Important because it gives infant a sense of order in their environment

Answer 17

Classical Conditioning

Question 18

Mental programs basis for performing particular tasks o Can be advanced overtime

Answer 18

Mental Software

Question 19

Through it, infants learns that it is a signal from what will happen next ➢ A child may smile when she hears the dog's collar because she knows that the dog will play with her

Answer 19

Classical Conditioning

Question 20

Happens when stimuli are associated with feeding or other pleasant events

Answer 20

Classical Conditioning

Question 21

➢ Reinforcement and punishment ➢ Application of infants from expectation about what will happen in the environment

Answer 21

Operant Conditioning

Question 21

During tantrums and you give them the ipad, they will know that tantrums will result to watching on the ipad ➢ Negative reinforcement or positive punishment eliminates behavior

Answer 21

Operant Conditioning

Question 22

Focuses on the relationship between the consequences of their behavior and the likelihood of the behavior to occur ➢ Pleasant consequences will be repeated by children

Answer 22

Operant Conditioning

Question 23

For the child to get out of the behavior, the child must suppress their urges ➢ When you show them how and activity is done

Answer 23

Imitation

Question 24

T or F Pigeat's theory wherein they need to observe which becomes their behavior is called the imitation theory

Answer 24

FASLE Bandura’s theory wherein they need to observe which becomes their behavior

Question 24

They learn by imitating Quiet hurtful for the parents if they have a certain bad habit, their children adapts those behavior

Answer 24

Imitation

Question 25

o For the initial storage of information o Autobiographical memory

Answer 25

Memory

Question 25

- mature by second year of age ○ Thus, the development of memory refers to both structures

Answer 25

Frontal Cortex

Question 26

develops during 1st year, matures until 20-24 months of age

Answer 26

Hippocampus

Question 26

T or F Expect them (children) to have a solid memory of what happened when they were 1-2 years old

Answer 26

FALSE Don’t expect them to have a solid memory of what happened when they were 1-2 years old