Early Christian Art

Question 1

The Romans love _____ in art

Answer 1

realism

Question 2

The Arch of Constantine commemorates the victory of ______ to win the _____

Answer 2

Maxentius
West

Question 3

The Aftermath of a Lion Hunt, Sacrifice to Hercules, and Distribution of Largesse are part of which Roman arch?

Answer 3

The arch of Constantine

Question 4

The arch of Titus/Constantine has the illusion of 3D space

Answer 4

Titus

Question 5

The arch of Titus/Constantine has people in a plane

Answer 5

Constantine

Question 6

How does Constantine portray himself in the Head of Constantine?

Answer 6

As a heavensent sovereignty (superhuman)
Immovable

Question 7

Why is it important that the Head of Constantine is looking up?

Answer 7

He’s looking up at the spiritual source of his rule (God? Jupiter?)

Question 8

Hierarchical Scale

Answer 8

A technique where scale is used to depict the relative importance of the figures in the artwork, rather than spacial relationships

Question 9

What is a Synagogue?

Answer 9

A decorated private house that held the Torah

Question 10

Dura-Europas

Answer 10

A Roman city now in Syria where a Jewish synagogue and Christian church-house was found in the 20th century

Question 11

True or False: Early Christians loved images all the time.

Answer 11

False

Question 12

In hierarchical scale, the biggest figure is the most/least important

Answer 12

most

Question 13

Is there a sense of depth in hierarchical scale?

Answer 13

Not really.

Question 14

______ and _________ style gets around anti-material religious belief.

Answer 14

Abstract, representational

Question 15

One of the oldest house-churches ever discovered was found in the city of ________ dating from around _____

Answer 15

Dura-Europos, 230s

Question 16

Parable of the lost sheep/Christ as the good shepherd is a common ancient motif adopted from _______

Answer 16

The ram bearer Kriophoros
Usually Hermes/Mercury

Question 17

What are catacombs?

Answer 17

underground cemeteries

Question 18

Layout of a catacomb

Answer 18

streetlike tunnels with niches to hold the loculi (dead). Becomes like a maze with time.

Question 19

Are the catacombs secret?!

Answer 19

Nah. Banquets are held there and churches are often constructed on top.

Question 20

What is the Queen of the Catacombs?

Answer 20

The catacomb of Priscilla

Question 21

The Three Children in the Furnace was found in ____ from _____ in ____

Answer 21

the catacomb of Priscilla
3rd century
Rome

Question 22

The Three Children in the Furnace is based off of _______ _

Answer 22

Daniel 3

Question 23

What is the mood of The Three Children in the Furnace?

Answer 23

Joyous! Awaiting Heaven

Question 24

Describe the people in The Three Children in the Furnace

Answer 24

Hebrew in Persian dress
Praying pose
Happy

Question 25

True or False: Mother and Child found in the Catacomb of Priscilla may be the first representation of Mary as the mother of Christ

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Flashes of color and highlighting in Mother and Child may suggest a __________ __ _____

Answer 26

a dematerialization of form

Question 27

Ichthus means _____

Answer 27

fish

Question 28

Why is the fish a symbol of Christianity?

Answer 28

Christ feeding the multitude, regarding fish (baptism) and bread (eucharist) Christ is the fisher of souls

Question 29

Apotheosis

Answer 29

The glorification of a subject to divine levels

Question 30

A medium of decoration with designs made up of closely set, small pieces of material such as stone, mineral, glass, tile, or shell called tesserae

Answer 30

Mosaic

Question 31

Christ/Helios pictures Christ as a _____

Answer 31

charioteer / Apollo

Question 32

Symbolism in Christ/Helios: Vines Chariot Apotheosis

Answer 32

Vines -- Eucharistic wine Chariot -- Sol Invictus (cosmic power ruler) Apotheosis -- resurrection

Question 33

Mosaic as a medium lends itself to ________

Answer 33

abstraction

Question 34

The small, repeated pieces found in a mosaic are called ____

Answer 34

tesserae

Question 35

Early Christian art produced a style in which the artists deny the ______ world and show scenes through ______ and ______.

Answer 35

physical Gestures and glances

Question 36

A freestanding figure designed to be viewable from all angles

Answer 36

Sculpture in the Round

Question 37

3-dimensional sculpture attached to a background, and only viewable from some angles.

Answer 37

Relief

Question 38

True or false: In the early years, there is a Christian reluctance to raise prominence of visual arts.

Answer 38

True

Question 39

Christianity used art primarily for ________ and _______

Answer 39

instructional value monumental commemoration

Question 40

True or False: The early Christians loved sculpture in the round.

Answer 40

Nah, that's too worldly

Question 41

Many of the relief sculptures of Christian art were found on _____

Answer 41

sarcophagi

Question 42

In the ____ century, Christianity becomes more popular and the house-churches are no longer acceptable.

Answer 42

4th/5th

Question 43

Churches must be a ______ and a _____

Answer 43

House of God Tomb of Christ

Question 44

Apse

Answer 44

A semicircular recess in the wall with a vault or semi-domed roof, common in Byzantine, Romanesque, and Gothic architecture.

Question 45

An apse usually holds the _____ and _____

Answer 45

altar and shrines

Question 46

A church or shrine built over the tomb of a Christian martyr

Answer 46

Martyrium

Question 47

Ambulatory

Answer 47

An aisle encircling an apse

Question 48

The site of the Church of The Holy Sepulchre contains

Answer 48

both the place where Jesus was crucified and His tomb