Early development of the Nazi Party

Question 1

What was Hitler sent to do by the army after the First World War?

Answer 1

Keep an eye on local political activists in Munich

Question 2

Which party was known as the DAP?

Answer 2

German Workers’ Party

Question 3

Who founded the DAP on 5 January 1919?

Answer 3

Anton Drexler

Question 4

How many people attended Hitler’s first meeting at the DAP?

Answer 4

Only 23

Question 5

What was Hitler’s membership number when he joined the DAP?

Answer 5

55

Question 6

How much money did the DAP have at Hitler’s third meeting? Was this a lot?

Answer 6

7 marks and 50 pfennigs

No - enough to buy a few groceries

Question 7

What position in the DAP did Hitler take in January 1920?

Answer 7

Head of party propaganda

Question 8

What was the name of the document containing the DAP’s policies, written by Hitler and Drexler?

Answer 8

The Twenty-Five Point Programme

Question 9

What were the two main sets of policies in the Twenty-Five Point Programme?

Answer 9

Socialist: to do with living conditions and the economy

Nationalist: to do with strengthening Germany

Question 10

Give three examples of socialist policies in the Twenty-Five Point Programme

Answer 10

Any from:

Increase pensions for the elderly

Nationalise industries

Everyone should have a job

All citizens should have equal rights and duties

The state should protect mothers and infants

Question 11

What did the Twenty-Five Point Programme state about the Treaty of Versailles?

Answer 11

Germany should get rid of it

Question 12

What did the Twenty-Five Point Programme state about German citizenship?

Answer 12

Only German races may be members of the nation. No Jew may be a citizen

Question 13

What did the Twenty-Five Point Programme state about Germany’s armed forces?

Answer 13

They should be strengthened

Question 14

What did the Twenty-Five Point Programme state about Germany’s territory?

Answer 14

It should be expanded to create “living space” (Lebensraum) for the population

Question 15

What was it about Hitler that attracted popular support for the DAP?

Answer 15

His personal appeal as an orator (public speaker)

Question 16

How did Hitler deliver his speeches?

Answer 16

Began quietly and slowly before building up

Question 17

What language did Hitler use in his speeches and why?

Answer 17

Simple and straightforward language (short sentences and powerful slogans)

So ordinary people could understand him

Question 18

What did Hitler accompany his speeches with?

Answer 18

Gestures

Question 19

What colour was used in posters and photos by the DAP and why?

Answer 19

Red

To attract left-wing supporters (red is the colour of communism)

Question 20

How many times was Hitler star speaker at 46 meetings of the DAP between November 1919 and 1920?

Answer 20

31

Question 21

How did membership of the DAP change between:

September 1919
June 1920
End of 1920

Answer 21

September 1919: 55
June 1920: 1,000
End of 1920: 3,000

Question 22

What did the DAP set up in January 1920?

Answer 22

A permanent office in Munich

Question 23

What impact did having a permanent office have on the DAP?

Answer 23

Party meetings were now more organised and better advertised

Party membership and funds began to increase

Question 24

What did Hitler suggest renaming the DAP and why?

Answer 24

NSDAP (Nazis)

The party’s name contained “National”, “Socialist” and “Workers”, which clarified the party’s policies

Question 25

What logo did the NSDAP adopt?

Answer 25

The swastika

Question 26

Why did the NSDAP adopt a swastika and a straight-armed party salute?

Answer 26

To distinguish it from all the other small nationalist parties in German politics

Question 27

What could the Nazis afford to buy in December 1920 and why?

Answer 27

A newspaper (the People's Observer) It had a bigger membership and was better organised

Question 28

How much did it cost the NSDAP to buy the People's Observer?

Answer 28

180,000 marks

Question 29

How many copies of the People's Observer were being circulated within a year?

Answer 29

17,000

Question 30

What impact did having a newspaper have on the NSDAP?

Answer 30

Allowed the voice of the NSDAP to be heard more widely

Question 31

What happened to the NSDAP's leadership in July 1921?

Answer 31

Hitler won a leadership contest against Drexler

Question 32

Give four examples of supporters Hitler surrounded himself with in the NSDAP

Answer 32

Rudolf Hess Hermann Goering Julius Streicher Ernst Röhm

Question 33

Which powerful friend did Hitler make for the NSDAP?

Answer 33

General Ludendorff - leader of the Germany army during WWI

Question 34

What paramilitary force in the NSDAP was founded in August 1921?

Answer 34

The SA

Question 35

How did the NSDAP recruit members of the SA?

Answer 35

From the unemployed, ex-soldiers and students

Question 36

What colour uniform did the SA have?

Answer 36

Brown - the "Brownshirts"

Question 37

How many members did the SA have by August 1922?

Answer 37

800

Question 38

What role did the SA play at NSDAP meetings?

Answer 38

Controlled the crowds and stopped opposition to Hitler (using violence)

Question 39

Who was put in charge of the SA?

Answer 39

Ernst Röhm

Question 40

What were selected members of the SA selected to become a part of?

Answer 40

Hitler's personal bodyguard - the Stosstrupp (Shock Troop)

Question 41

What did Hitler persuade members of the NSDAP to give up in January 1922?

Answer 41

Their right to elect the party's leader