Early Foregin Policy

Question 1

What were Henry’s main foreign policy aims

Answer 1

Achieve glory through war
Portray England as a strong foreign power
End threats from Scotland
Secure his dynasty

Question 2

What were Wolseys aims?

Answer 2

Avoid war due to the fact that England could not afford it

Gain Henry glory through alternative measures

Question 3

What did Henry want in 1510

Answer 3

War

Question 4

What stopped Henry’s war aims in 1510

Answer 4

His fathers advisors Archbishop Warham and Bishop Fox tricked him into renewing the old truce with France

Question 5

Which advisors tricked Henry into renewing the alliance with France

Answer 5

Bishop Fox and Archbishop Warham

Question 6

What happened in 1512

Answer 6

He had sent men to Aquitaine to invade that land but the men were short on supplies

Army was short on supplies

Henry made an alliance with Ferdinand but he had used Henry’s troops as a diversion so that he could take land in the Pryenees

They came back from the campaign with nothing

Question 7

Why did Henry campaign in Aquitaine fail?

Answer 7

Ferdinand used Henry’s troops as a diversion to take land in the Pyrenees

Army was short on supplies

Question 8

When did Henry send men to Aquitaine

Answer 8

1512

Question 9

What happened in June 1513?

Answer 9

Henry led 30,000 men to Calais

Question 10

What battle occurred in 1513?

Answer 10

Battle of Spurs

Question 11

Why was the campaign to Calais a victory?

Answer 11

Capture of Therouanne and Tournai
Captured some important French nobles
English made it sound important

Question 12

What happened while Henry was in France

Answer 12

Battle of Flodden which is where James IV took advantage of Henry being away and tried to invade England
Earl of Surrey led a small army who had defeated James IV and killed him and important Scottish nobles

Question 13

What were the pros of the Battle of Flodden

Answer 13

Henry’s sister was now reagent I’d Scotland due to the fact that her son James V was not of age yet
Huge defeat against Scots

Question 14

How much did Henry spend between 1511 and 1513

Answer 14

£960,000

Question 15

What was Henry’s yearly income

Answer 15

£110,000

Question 16

When was the Anglo French treaty

Answer 16

1514

Question 17

What did the Anglo French treaty agree too

Answer 17

French would pay the rest of the pension promised to Henry VII
Henry’s sister Mary would marry Louis XII

Question 18

Who wanted peace with France

Answer 18

Leo X- Pope
Ferdinand- Spain
Maximilian- HRE

Question 19

Why did Henry sign the Anglo French treaty

Answer 19

Knew he couldn’t afford to carry out war against France

Question 20

What happened to the treaty that caused it to go wrong?

Answer 20

Louis XII died shortly after the Anglo French treaty and his sister married the Duke of Suffolk which was really embarrassing

Question 21

What did the new king of France do

Answer 21

Sent Duke of Albany to other throw Margaret in Scotland

She was reagent to her son

Question 22

What did Wolsey do to try and prevent the invasion of Scotland

Answer 22

He paid Maximilian a subsidy in secret to fight the French but max took the money and sided with the French

Question 23

What did Wolsey also try to go against France

Answer 23

Made an anti French League but this failed as Ferdinand died and was replaced by Charles

Question 24

What left England isolated and humiliated

Answer 24

Peace of Cambri 
Left out England 
France 
Spain 
HRE

Question 25

What was the treaty of London

Answer 25

LeoX wanted to fight the Turks (crusade) Wolsey took over and modified it for himself Did not allow Campggio inside of the country till Wolsey became Papal Legate Agreed that non of the large European states would attack each other and that if One country attacked another then all country’s would attack the single country

Question 26

When did the treaty of London happen

Answer 26

1518

Question 27

Why was the treaty of London a good thing

Answer 27

Ensured England would not be isolated All of the biggest European nations attended which improved their prestige Henry gained a pension through giving back Tournai Henry’s daughter Mary was bethrothed to the Dauphin of France Duke of Albany kept out of Scotland

Question 28

What was the fields of the cloth of Gold?

Answer 28

3,000 important people from France and England met for feats and tournaments Wolsey impressed everyone with his decorative skills e.g. wine fountains and royal pavilions

Question 29

When did the field of royal cloth happen

Answer 29

June 1520

Question 30

What was the impact of the field of the cloth of gold

Answer 30

Expensive and achieved little Boosted English prestige

Question 31

What did Wolsey do in 1521

Answer 31

Attempted to negotiate a three way peace between the holy Roman emperor

Question 32

What did Wolsey do in August 1521

Answer 32

Met with Charles of Spain and signed the treaty of Bruges

Question 33

What was the effect of the treaty of Burges

Answer 33

Improved English prestige further as they are able to make peace between countries

Question 34

When was the treaty of Burges

Answer 34

1521

Question 35

What happened in August 1523?

Answer 35

English force joined up with they Holy Roman Emperor and Duke of Bourbon

Question 36

When did Henry send an English force costing £400,000 to France alongside the Holy Roman Emperor and the Duke of Bourbon?

Answer 36

1523

Question 37

How much did the force that went to France in 1523 cost?

Answer 37

£400,000

Question 38

How much did Henry spend during 1511 to 1525?

Answer 38

£1.4 million

Question 39

What did the attack of France in 1523?

Answer 39

Costly | Achieved nothing

Question 40

What was Henry doing to the finances that his dad had left him?

Answer 40

Wasting it

Question 41

What had happened in February 1525?

Answer 41

Diplomatic revolution where Charles of Spain had won a war against France and took Francis prisoner but Henry did not benefit from this

Question 42

What happened in treaty of More

Answer 42

Henry made an alliance with France | He would receive finances and in return he would give up his claim to the French throne

Question 43

When was the treaty of more made?

Answer 43

1525

Question 44

When was the treaty of cognac signed

Answer 44

May 1526

Question 45

What was the treaty of cognac about

Answer 45

Newly released Francis I worked with Wolsey to set up an anti Hapsburg (HRE) England financed it but nothing happened

Question 46

When was the treaty of Westminster?

Answer 46

1527

Question 47

What did the treaty of west minister do?

Answer 47

Cement alliance between England and France and suggested marriage between Mary and Francis I or his second son

Question 48

What happened in 1527?

Answer 48

Charles sacked the Pope Clement

Question 49

Why was the sacking of the pope a bad thing for Wolsey?

Answer 49

He needed a pope for the approval for Henry’s annulment of the marriage between Catherine of Aragon and Henry

Question 50

Why was Charles being in charge of the pope a bad thing?

Answer 50

Charles V was Catherine’s cousin

Question 51

When did Charles fire the pope

Answer 51

1527

Question 52

What did Wolsey try to do after the pope was fired

Answer 52

Tried to get a college of cardinals to approve annulment as the pope was in captivity

Question 53

What did Wolsey do after getting a college of cardinals to accept the annulments do?

Answer 53

Wolsey did a trade embargo on Burgundy in 1527 Burgundy was one of the Holy Roman Empire

Question 54

Why did Wolsey end the trade embargo in 1527

Answer 54

Unpopular | Failed harvests at home

Question 55

What did Wolsey do in 1528?

Answer 55

Declared war on the Holy Roman Empire

Question 56

Why did Wolsey not carry out with war with the Holy Roman Empire

Answer 56

English army not on the same level as the Charles military

Question 57

What did Wolsey tried to do after announcing war failed?

Answer 57

Tried another trade embargo but realised it would hurt England more

Question 58

What happened in 1529, August?

Answer 58

Peace of Cambrai

Question 59

What did the peace of Cambrai say?

Answer 59

Peace between France and the Holy Roman Empire and had left England out

Question 60

What did the peace of Cambrai mean for England?

Answer 60

Wolsey unable to get an annulment

Question 61

What did Catherine wear at the Battle of Flodden in 1513?

Answer 61

An armour

Question 62

Who gained all the prestige of the Battle of Flodden?

Answer 62

Catherine and Earl of Surrey

Question 63

What did the battle of Flooden undermine?

Answer 63

Battle of spurs