Early Modern

Question 1

5 examples of crime in the early modern period

Answer 1

Vagrancy
Moral crime
Witchcraft
Smuggling
Highway robbery

Question 2

What punishments were kept the same

Answer 2

Fines
Pillory
Stocks
Ducking stall

Question 3

What were some new punishments

Answer 3

Public penance
Scopes bridle
Branding
Cucking stall

Question 4

What was a public penance

Answer 4

Apology in front of the church

Question 5

What was the scolds bridle

Answer 5

A peice of head gear that went into your mouth to stop you talking, used for scolding women

Question 6

What was a bridewel

Answer 6

A house of correction for criminals

Question 7

What was the 1531 gaol act

Answer 7

Justice of the peace could build prisons where there was demand

Question 8

What was the act that meant Jps had to build a bridewell in every county

Answer 8

1509 vagabond act

Question 9

When was the bloody code

Answer 9

1688

Question 10

What was the 1723 black act

Answer 10

Poaching deer became a capital offence

Question 11

What courts were there (5)

Answer 11

Assizes, quarter sessions, petty sessions, manorial courts and church courts

Question 12

Why did witchcraft trials increase in the early modern period

Answer 12

The plague and famine and English civil war

Question 13

What did James 1 do that drew attention to witchcraft

Answer 13

Write a book called demonology

Question 14

What caused an increase in crime

Answer 14

A population boom

Question 15

Most crimes continued like

Answer 15

Minor low value thefts of money belongings and food

Question 16

What declined as justices of the peace importance increased

Answer 16

Man our courts and sheriffs

Question 17

When did vagrancy first appear

Answer 17

During the Black Death 1347-1351, some turned to crime , forced to look for jobs due to poverty

Question 18

What happened to stop vagrancy

Answer 18

Is became illegal

Question 19

What was the huge religious change

Answer 19

Henry 8 thhad split from the Roman church and became head of the Church of England by 1534

Question 20

What happened due to tension between catholics and Protestants

Answer 20

Gunpowder plot of 1605 against James 1, wanted to blow up the Protestant parliament

Question 21

What defined witchcraft as a criminal offence and punishable by death

Answer 21

Witchcraft act of 1542

Question 22

what was abolished for those convicted of witchcraft

Answer 22

The benefit of the clergy

Question 23

What led to freedom of movement

Answer 23

Improving roads and transportation and greater wealth

Question 24

When and where did highway robberies take place

Answer 24

17th century very common, main routes surrounding london

Question 25

What created a black market

Answer 25

Government placing heavy taxes on imports like tea awhiskey and wine

Question 26

What caused an increase in heresy

Answer 26

Easy to question religious ideas when the king had created a whole new church

Question 27

Who was executed for not accepting Henry’s role as head of the Church of England (they thought it should be the pope)

Answer 27

Cardinal John fisher , John more

Question 28

What did fisher deny Henry 8th

Answer 28

His first divorce

Question 29

How many heretics were killed

Answer 29

300 burnt at the stake under rule of Queen Mary when she revived the heresy act,

Question 30

What did local communities still use

Answer 30

But and cry and tithings

Question 31

Courts in early modern period

Answer 31

Man our and church court decline in influence Court higherschy remained the same

Question 32

Who were thief takers

Answer 32

Hired to find offender and bring to justice , many victims offered rewards

Question 33

Example of theirf taker

Answer 33

Johnathan wild

Question 34

Constables

Answer 34

Deleted from wealthy elite, arrest or hold offenders, not expected to investigate , issue some punishments

Question 35

Night watchers

Answer 35

Held criminals until Constable was available , form of deterrence , organised by rota very unpopular

Question 36

Royal courts

Answer 36

Murder and treason

Question 37

What were the travelling courts / assizes

Answer 37

Held in different countries twice a year, giving locals an oppuritunity to bring forward problems /serious crimes

Question 38

Justices of the peace

Answer 38

Increased during this era. Heard less serious crime , met four times a year in quarterly sessions ,

Question 39

What did justices of the peace do to deal with population boom

Answer 39

Dealt with petty crimes out side official sessions

Question 40

By the end of the 16th century, what did church courts deal with

Answer 40

Religious issues like failing to attend church

Question 41

What were the stocks

Answer 41

Feet locked in a wooden structure for hours days or weeks in a public area where people would throw food and verbally abuse, often die from weather exposure

Question 42

What started to appear in courts

Answer 42

Lawyers and juries

Question 43

Crimes commonly punished by fines

Answer 43

Failure to attend church, gambling , petty theft

Question 44

What were birdewells often used for

Answer 44

Holding vagabonds , and making them work

Question 45

What was vagrancy punished with

Answer 45

Whipping

Question 46

What was the pillory

Answer 46

More serious than the stocks, locked head and hands

Question 47

What were prisons used for before the gaol act

Answer 47

Hold accused until trial

Question 48

How did the bloody code start

Answer 48

The Waltham black act of 1723, allowing 200 petty offences to be punishable by death

Question 49

Who got execution with a sharp axe

Answer 49

Those rich enough to pay, if not hung drawn and quartered

Question 50

The transportation act of

Answer 50

1718

Question 51

What happened to the rate of executions during the bloody code

Answer 51

Decreased from 150 in London to 20 as judges didn’t want to sentence death

Question 52

Transportation act of 1718

Answer 52

The court could send people to America for 7 years , capital offense of pardoned by the king

Question 53

When did transportation turn to Australia

Answer 53

1787