Early Movement Behaviour Flashcards
(66 cards)
what are reflexes
, where are they controlled?
involuntary movement reactions elicited by sensory stimuli
- subcortical areas
how many reflexes are there, and when do most of them disappear by?
-27, by age 6-12 months
when might reflexes emerge?
with neurological damage
what type of reflexes are automatic movements executed with out thinking?
primitive reflexes
how do primitives contribute to birthing process?
they are essential for the infants survival in the first months of life and provide training for many skills later
primitive reflexes are considered ? if they remain active beyond the first year of life
–> this is a sign of?
aberrant
- sign of central nervous system immaturity which can have a great impact on learning development and behaviour
what should happen to primitive and postural reflexes between ages 6-12 months?
they should be inhibited by the brain allowing more sophisticated neural structures to develop
motor control lays the foundation for? and we acquire new skills by ?
- learning and self control
- moving our bodies intentionally
why do we need to have intentional control of our muscles?
When those muscles obey an unconscious reflex instead of responding to our intention, then the activity is confusing and cannot become an automatic learned skill.
academic learning depends on?
- if this doesn’t happen?
auto-mization of basic skills at their physical level
–> reversals in reading/writing, poor impulse control, difficulty reading body language
, unsatisfactory peer relationships despite good intelligence
there is an association between development of multiple primitive reflexes and the emergence of?
–> may be due to ?
delirium
–> CHS dysfunction
(PRs are associated with CNS pathology)
3 importances of reflexes
- stimulate CNS and muscles
- role in infant survival
- used as a diagnostic tool for assessing neurological maturity
there is a discussion on whether there is a link between reflexes and ?
later voluntary movement
ex, swim reflex, they start to kick when put over water (they are our first mode os stimulation)
explain continuous development
motor changes occur in a linear fashion during an individual’s life and that each change is dependent on the development of the prior period.
explain discontinuous development
each stage of motor development has a new and unique feature that is added to distinguish it from the previous stage.
during continuity development there is gradual accumulation of? and it is?
- behaviour
- skill
- knowledge
- -> smooth orderly transitional
during discontinuity development, behavior and skills change how? it is known as ? development
- qualitatively
- ‘stage’ developement
(knowledge and behaviour characterize development at a particular point in time)
phases help you get to each?
stage (when you look at it at a big scale it looks very discontinuous but when you look at shorter windows youll see its a gradual process)
is development continuous or discontinuous?
it is made up of both
reflexes help determine the level of? ex?
neurological maturation
–> moro reflex,
reflexes may signify a cerebral birth defect if ?
- ex?
- lacking or asymmetrical
- -> asymmetric tonic neck reflex
if reflexes lack or are asymmetrical beyond 4-5 months they may indicate?
-cerebral palsy or other neurological problem
4 types of reflexes and what they are
- primitive: survival and protection
- postural: reaction to gravity
- locomotor: resemble voluntary locomotion (ex, pressure on babies foot)
- tendon reflex: evaluate neuromuscular response
what 4 reflexes emerge prior to birth?
sucking (4 months) , moro, palmar grasp, tonic neck (7 months)
