Early nazi policies towards jews

Question 1

Why does hitler need to be careful about his policy towards Jews when he comes to power in 1933?

Answer 1

• Hindenburg was still President
• still in a weak position in 1933
• public support wouldn’t have been there if he went in with harsh regime straight away - needed to gain support

Question 2

When/ what was the Boycott of Jewish shops?

Answer 2

• 1st April 1933
• first planned actions against Jews
• SA stood outside Jewish businesses to intimidate and discourage people from buying produce
• only lasted one day

Question 3

Support for the boycott?

Answer 3

• News coverage in Germany and abroad
• Shops, doctors, lawyers .. stripped of jobs
• Violence by SA

Question 4

Opposition to the boycott?

Answer 4

• abandoned after just one day
• abuse of enabling act by Hitler + gave him a bad name
• Most german citizens ‘defiantly’ used Jewish shops to show their disapproval

Question 5

When/What was the Law for the Restoration of the Civil Service?

Answer 5

• April 7th 1933 : Jews working in the Civil service were dismissed

Question 6

Further Antisemetic legislation in 1933?

Answer 6

• The Legal profession: April1933
• Ban on Jewish doctors: April 1933
• Law against Overcrowding of German Schools and Universities: April 1933
• Reich Press Law: October 1933

Question 7

Impact on Jewish lawyers?

Answer 7

• 60% of the non-aryan lawyers practising in 1933 were able to continue working in spite of the new regulations

Question 8

Impact on Jewish Doctors?

Answer 8

• according to new law (Ban on Jewish Doctors), Jewish doctors (10% of German doctors) should only treat Jewish patients
• but many Jewish doctors carried on their normal practise for several years after 1933

Question 9

Impact on Education?

Answer 9

• Law against Overcrowding of German Schools and Universities restricted the number of Jewish students.
• Not all Jewish children were forced out of state schools at this point - not until 1938
• Jewish children could still attend private education and Jewish schools
• Nazis key aim was the segregation of Jewish from Aryan children
• Many Jewish professors lost jobs

Question 10

Impact on the Press?

Answer 10

• The Reich Press Law enabled strict censorship and for Nazis to close down publications they disliked
• Many of the large number of jewish editors and journalists left Germany - instances of violence and intimidation weren’t uncommon

Question 11

When/What were The Nuremberg Laws?

Answer 11

• 15th September 1935 (at rally in Nuremberg)
• Make antisemitism legal in Germany
• A turning point: fuses irrational xenophobia with (rational) legislation
• Served as the foundation for determining all policies against Jews

Question 12

What did the Nuremberg Laws include?

Answer 12

• Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honour: forbids marriage and sex between Aryans and Jews
• Reich Citizenship Law: Strips Jews of their German citizenship - lose rights to property, to jobs, to the law
• Law for the Protection of the Genetic Health of the German People: medical examination/ certificate of fitness to marry

Question 13

(Details about Nuremberg Laws: )

Answer 13

• Jews cannot employ non-jews
• 1935 saw an increase in attacks on Jews
• Drafted in a matter of hours and were presented the next day
• Anyone who had even one jewish grandparent could be stripped of german citizenship