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Med Finals - Womens Health > Early pregnancy > Flashcards

Early pregnancy Flashcards

1
Q

Define ectopic pregnacy

A

Pregnancy implanted outside the uterus - typically in fallopian tubes #

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2
Q

Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy

A

Previous ectopic
Previous PID
Previous surgery to falopian tubes
Intrauterine devices
Older age
Smoking

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3
Q

Presentation of ectopic pregnancy

A

6-8 week gestation
Missed period
Constant lower abdominal pain in right or left ilac fossa
Vaginal bleeding
Lower abdominal or pelvic tenderness
Cervical motion tenderness
Dizziness - syncope
Shoulder tip pain

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4
Q

Ultrasound finding in ectopic pregnancy

A

Blob sign bagel sign or tubal ring sing in tubes
Empty uterus
Fluid in the uterus

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5
Q

hCG in ectopic pregnancy

A

Rise of less than 63% after 48 hours indicate ectopic

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6
Q

Management of ectopic pregnancy

A

Expectant
Medical - methotrexate
Surgical - salpingectomy, sapingotomy

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7
Q

Criteria for expectant management

A

Follow up needs to be possible
Ectopic unruptured
Adnexal mass
No visible heartbeat
No significant pain
HCG <1500

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8
Q

Criteria for methotrexate in ectopic pregnancy

A

HCG <5000
Confirmed absence of intrauterine pregnancy

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9
Q

Criteria for abortion

A

Continuing pregnancy is likely to risk life of the woman
Terminating pregnancy will prevent grave permanent injury to the physical or mental health of the woman
Substantial risk that the child would suffer physical or mental abnormalities making it seriously handicapped

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10
Q

Legal requirements for abortion

A

Two registered medical practitioners must sign to agree abortion is indicated
Carried out by a registered medical practitioner in an NHS or approved premise

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11
Q

Options for abortion

A

Medical - mifepristone, misoprostol 1-2 days later
Surgical - cervical dilatation and suction or forceps extraction

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12
Q

Define hyperemesis gravidarum

A

Severe nausea and vomiting in pregnancy
>5% weight loss
Dehydration
Electrolyte imbalance

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13
Q

Management of hyperemesis gravidarum

A

Prochlorperazine
Cyclizine
Ondansetron
Metoclopramide
Ranitidine or omeprazole

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14
Q

Define molar pregnancy

A

Hydatidifom mole - tumour that grows like a pregnancy inside the uterus

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15
Q

Complet molar pregnancy

A

Two sperm cells fertilise an ovum that contains no genetic material

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16
Q

Partial molar pregnancy

A

Two spem cells fertilise normal ovum at the same time -

17
Q

Sign on ultrasound of molar pregnancy

A

Snowstorm appearance

18
Q

Presentation of molar pregnancy

A

Severe morning sickness
Vaginal bleeing
Increased enlargement of uterus
Abnormally high hCG
Thyrotoxicosis

19
Q

Management of molar pregnancy

A

Evacuation of uterus

Med Finals - Womens Health (10 decks)

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