Earth Planet Flashcards
(21 cards)
mineral
An organic, naturally occurring solid material, minerals can be either elements (pure substance) or compounds (2 or more elements combined).
Element
A type or pure substance (made of one type of particle/atom) that cannot be broken down into simpler parts by chemical means and has a unique of properties.
Rock
A naturally occurring material composed of one or more minerals.
Crystals
The building block of a minerals, crystals occurring naturally and have straight edges, flat sides and regular angles.
Lustre
The light-reflecting prosperity’s/shininess of minerals.
Streak
The colour of a mineral in powdered form, a property useful in the identification of minerals.
Cleavage
The characteristics of splitting along a smooth flat planes.
Fracture
The property of some materials to break with rough of jagged surfaces.
Talc (level on Mohs Hardness scale)
Softest Mineral (level 1)
Diamond (level on Mohs Hardness scale)
Hardest Mineral (level 10)
Effervescence
Reaction to acid
Igneous Rock
Magma turns into lava at the surface, lava cools and becomes an Igneous rock.
Sedimentary Rock
Formed from sediment which is loose materials.
Metamorphic Rock
Becomes this rock from extreme pressure and heat.
3 Layers of soil
- Topsoil: Humas and small grains of rock
- Middle: Lighter, little hummus.
- Bottom: Resemble parent rock.
Erosion
Movement of a rock and mineral grains from one place to another.
3 Forms of Weathering
- Mechanical: physical break up of rocks.
- Chemical: break down minerals through chemical reactions.
- Biological: physical/chemical break down of rock caused by living organisms.
3 examples of Mechanical weathering
- Gravity
- Temperature
- Wind and water
4 Types of gradual changes on earth
- Water
- Wind
- Gravity
- Glaciers
3 Types of sudden changes on earth
- Flash floods
- Landslides
- Rockslides
