Earth's Systems Flashcards
(24 cards)
In ecology, a niche is the match of a species to a specific environmental condition.[1][2] It describes how an organism or population responds to the distribution of resources and competitors (for example, by growing when resources are abundant, and when predators, parasites and pathogens are scarce)
Global biodiversity is the measure of biodiversity on planet Earth and is defined as the total variability of life forms. More than 99 percent of all species[1] that ever lived on Earth are estimated to be extinct.[2][3] Estimates on the number of Earth’s current species range from 2 million
Our goal is to understand, predict, and respond to human-caused and natural environmental change at local to global scales. Scientists in our Earth System Science department offer a strong graduate research program across a broad range of environmental and Earth science disciplines for students working toward a doctoral degree. Undergraduate and coterminal master’s degrees are offered through the closely related and popular Earth Systems Program.
the process of returning part of the output of a circuit, system, or device to the input, either to oppose the input (negative feedback ) or to aid the input (positive feedback ).
A model organism (often shortened to model) is a non-human species that is extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena, with the expectation that discoveries made in the model organism will provide insight into the workings of other organisms.[1][2] Model organisms are widely used to research human disease when human experimentation would be unfeasible or unethical.[3] This strategy is made possible by the common descent of all living organisms, and the conservation of metabolic and developmental pathways and genetic material over the course of evolution.[4]
The biosphere (from Greek βίος bíos “life” and σφαῖρα sphaira “sphere”), also known as the ecosphere (from Greek οἶκος oîkos “environment” and σφαῖρα), is the worldwide sum of all ecosystems. It can also be termed the zone of life
Ecology. a system, or a group of interconnected elements, formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their environment:
Aquatic ecosystems differ radically from their terrestrial counterparts.
A biome (/ˈbaɪ.oʊm/) is a biogeographical unit consisting of a biological community that has formed in response to a shared regional climate.[1][2] Biomes may span more than one continent. Biome is a broader term than habitat and can comprise a variety of habitats.
Biological form” redirects here. For the informal taxonomic term in botany, see Race (biology) § Physiological race.
“Form of life” redirects here. For the philosophical concept, see Form of life (philosophy).
The term population biology has been used with different meanings.
In 1971 Edward O. Wilson et al. used the term in the sense of applying mathematical models to population genetics, community ecology, and population dynamics.[1] Alan Hastings
a living thing, as an animal or plant, that influences or affects an ecosystem:
a nonliving condition or thing, as climate or habitat, that influences or affects an ecosystem and the organisms in it:
a social group of any size whose members reside in a specific locality, share government, and often have a common cultural and historical heritage.
See also Microhabitat (film) or Habitat (disambiguation).
“Breeding ground” redirects here. For the band, see Breeding Ground (band).
This coral reef in the Phoenix Islands Protected Area provides habitat for numerous marine species.
Few creatures make the ice shelves of Antarctica their habitat, but water beneath the ice can provide habitat for multiple species. Animals such as penguins have adapted to live in very cold conditions.[1]
Ibex in an alpine habitat
In ecology, the term habitat summarises the array of resources
A keystone species is a species which has a disproportionately large effect on its natural environment relative to its abundance, a concept introduced in 1969 by the zoologist Robert T. Paine
central stone at the summit of an arch, locking the whole together.
exponential growth
growth whose rate becomes ever more rapid in proportion to the growing total number or size.
“the exponential growth of the world’s population”
logistic growth
Logistic growth is population increase that happens in a manner that starts slowly, as there are few individuals, then increases in speed as numbers increase, but then decreases to a halt as numbers get high enough that resources are depleted and cannot support further growth.
carrying capacity
Image result for carrying capacity
Carrying Capacity Examples
In nature, the population of a given area may reach carrying capacity when the maximum population size is reached for a given area with limited resources. For example, a pond inhabited initially by ten turtles will be sustainable for the species’ population.
density dependent
A density-dependent factor is a factor whose effects on the size or growth of a population vary with the population density. Density-dependent factors typically involve biotic factors, such as the availability of food, parasitism, predation,
density independent
density-independent factor, also called limiting factor, in ecology, any force that affects the size of a population of living things regardless of the density of the population (the number of individuals per unit area).
population density
Population density is the concentration of individuals within a species in a specific geographic locale. Population density data can be used to quantify demographic information and to assess relationships with ecosystems, human health, and infrastructure.May 19, 2022
emigration
the act of leaving one’s own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad.
“mass emigration from Ireland to the United States”
disturbance
the interruption of a settled and peaceful condition.
exponential
growth whose rate becomes ever more rapid in proportion to the growing total number or size.
“the exponential growth of the world’s population”
logistic
Logistics is the process of planning and executing the efficient transportation and storage of goods from the point of origin to the point of consumption. The goal of logistics is to meet customer requirements in a timely, cost-effective manner.
carrying capacity
he number or quantity of people or things that can be conveyed or held by a vehicle or container.
ECOLOGY
the number of people, other living organisms, or crops that a region can support without environmental degradation.
density depend
Density-dependent factors include disease, competition, and predation. Density-dependant factors can have either a positive or a negative correlation to population size. With a positive relationship, these limiting factors increase with the size of the population and limit growth as population size increases
dentist independent
What is independent dental care? Independent dental care is becoming a preferred term for private dentistry. It reflects how patients needs have changed, because the focus is on patients making their own choices. You can make your own decisions about how you want your teeth to look and feel.
population dentist
The number of individuals living within that specific location determines the population density, or the number of individuals divided by the size of the area. Population density can be used to describe the location, growth, and migration of many organisms.
emigration
the act of leaving one’s own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad.
“mass emigration from Ireland to the United States”
disturbance
the interruption of a settled and peaceful condition.
“a helicopter landing can cause disturbance to residents”
