Earth Science- Earthquake and Volcano

Question 1

Where do earthquakes occur?

Answer 1

On fault lines; near plate boundaries

Question 2

Crack in the crust where rocks have moved, NOT along a plate boundary

Answer 2

A fault

Question 3

Name the four types of faults

Answer 3

Normal
Strike
Reverse
Dip- Slip

Question 4

Which direction do normal Faults move in?

Answer 4

◀️▶️

Question 5

Which direction do Strike Faults move in?

Answer 5

◀️

▶️

Question 6

Which direction do Reverse Faults move in?

Answer 6

▶️◀️

Question 7

Which direction do Dip-Slip Faults move in?

Answer 7

↔️↕️↘️↗️

Question 8

What are the 3 types of seismic waves?

Answer 8

Primary, Secondary, and Surface

Question 9

What is the slowest wave?

Answer 9

Secondary

Question 10

What is the first wave to arrive at a seismic station?

Answer 10

Primary

Question 11

What is the most destructive type of wave?

Answer 11

Surface

Question 12

What type of waves move side to side?

Answer 12

Primary

Question 13

What types of waves move at right angles?

Answer 13

Secondary

Question 14

What types of waves have vertical and horizontal displacement?

Answer 14

Surface

Question 15

What type of wave is the fastest?

Answer 15

Primary

Question 16

Where is the focus?

Answer 16

Beneath the surface

Question 17

Where is the epicenter?

Answer 17

On the surface

Question 18

The spring back of a rock. Is reacts like a rubber band

Answer 18

Elastic rebound

Question 19

Smaller earthquakes that follow the main earthquake

Answer 19

Aftershock

Question 20

Instrument to measure earthquakes

Answer 20

A seismograph

Question 21

What tells you the info on the seismograph

Answer 21

Seismogram

Question 22

A small earthquake that often precede a major earthquake by days, or in some cases, by as much a several years

Answer 22

Foreshock

Question 23

What wave arrival times do geologists measure between?

Answer 23

Primary and secondary

Question 24

Relationship between arrival time and distance to the earthquake epicenter:

Answer 24

The greater the interval between the arrival of the first Primary wave the the first Secondary wave, the greater the distance to the earthquake.

Question 25

How many seismic stations are needed to locate an earthquake?

Answer 25

Three

Question 26

The process of locating an earthquake

Answer 26

Triangulation

Question 27

Scale that is most commonly used to measure earthquakes

Answer 27

Richter scale

Question 28

What does the Richter scale go from?

Answer 28

1-10

Question 29

At what magnitude can we feel an average earthquake?

Answer 29

3.0

Question 30

A weak spot in the crust where molten material, or magma comes to the surface

Answer 30

Volcano

Question 31

The resistance of a liquid flowing

Answer 31

Viscosity

Question 32

What happens when lava is highly viscous?

Answer 32

It forms a plug in the pipe which rises or is blown out and becomes sticky

Question 33

Example of high viscosity

Answer 33

Syrup, honey

Question 34

Example of low viscosity:

Answer 34

Water, vinegar

Question 35

What does the viscosity of magma in a volcano depend on?

Answer 35

Silica content and temperature

Question 36

Relationship between silica and viscosity:

Answer 36

The more silica magma has, the higher is viscosity | The less silica magma has, the lower its viscosity

Question 37

Types of volcanoes:

Answer 37

Sheild, Cinder come, and composite

Question 38

A broad, slightly domed structure. It looks like a pancake

Answer 38

Shield volcano

Question 39

What do shield volcanoes erupt?

Answer 39

Basaltic Lava

Question 40

Steepest smile at which material is still stable: small

Answer 40

Cinder cone Volcano

Question 41

What do cinder cone volcanoes erupt?

Answer 41

Cinder (tephra)

Question 42

A large, nearly symmetrical structure

Answer 42

Composite volcano

Question 43

What does a composite volcano erupt?

Answer 43

Alternating layers of lava and pyroclastic materials mater

Question 44

An explosive eruption that girls out a mixture of hot gases, ash, cinders, and bombs

Answer 44

Pyroclastic flow

Question 45

A type of mudflow; ash and water mixed to create mud that runs down the side is a volcano

Answer 45

Lahar

Question 46

Name the three types of magma

Answer 46

Basaltic Magna, Andesitic Magma, and Rhyolitic

Question 47

What is the silica content of basaltic magma?

Answer 47

Least 50%

Question 48

What is the silica content of Andesitic magma?

Answer 48

Intermediate 60%

Question 49

What is the silica content of Rhyolitic?

Answer 49

Most 70%

Question 50

One of the most abundant materials in the earths crust. Made of oxygen and silicon

Answer 50

Silica

Question 51

The vibration of Earth, produced by the rapid release of energy

Answer 51

Earthquake

Question 52

When do earthquakes occur?

Answer 52

When there is a break in rock mass along which movement has occurred (when places move)

Question 53

What does high viscosity indicate?

Answer 53

It is sticky

Question 53

What does low viscosity indicate?

Answer 53

It is runny

Question 53

What happens when there is more silica magma and the viscosity is high?

Answer 53

It is going to be light in color

Question 53

What happens when there is less silica magma and the viscosity is low?

Answer 53

It will be high in color

Question 54

How do composite volcanos explode?

Answer 54

Quietly and destructively