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STUDY SETS 2023-2024 > EARTH SCIENCE HONORS: earths motions > Flashcards

EARTH SCIENCE HONORS: earths motions Flashcards

1
Q

geocentric model

A

the earth is the center of the universe
it is stationary while the other planets and then sun revolves around it
GEOCENTRIC MODEL IS NOT CORRECT

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2
Q

heliocentric model

A

the earth and the other planets rotate on thier own axis while they revolve around the sun
CORRECT

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3
Q

PROOFS THAT THE EARTH ROTATES:

A

sunrise/sunsets
Day/night
star trails (stars appear to be moving but is earth rotating)
Coriolis effect- objects curve
Foucault pendulum

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4
Q

Doppler effect

A

the distortion of a sound/light wave caused by objects moving closer together or father apart

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5
Q

when the earth moves towards the stars the light waves are compressed this is called _____

A

Blue shift
blue is the shortest wavelength

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6
Q

as the earth moves away from the stars light is stretched out, this is called __________

A

a red shift
red is one of the longest wavelengths

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7
Q

Tides

A

tides are the regular rise and fall of ocean water levels that we see on the coastline

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8
Q

spring tides

A

highest high tide occurs when the sun and moon combine gravitational forces

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9
Q

neap tides

A

lowest high tides occur when the sun and moon are pulling against each other

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10
Q

the earths tides are caused by the ________ of ___________ _____ _____

A

gravitational pull
moon & sun

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11
Q

when the sun and moon are lined up with the earth there combined pull is at its greatest

A

spring tide

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12
Q

when the sun and moon are at right angles to each other, their pulls on the earths ocean cancel each other out

A

neap tide

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13
Q

spring tides happen during

A

full/new moon

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14
Q

neap tides happen during

A

1st and 3rd quarter phases of the moon

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15
Q

the moons _______ is = to its period of ____________

A

rotation
revolution

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16
Q

why do we see the same side of the moon

A

the moons rotation speed is = to its period of revolution

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17
Q

it takes the moon ____ to get through all its phases

A

29.5 days
*1 month

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18
Q

the moons revolution is

A

counter clockwise

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19
Q

why don’t eclipses happen every month

A

the moons orbit is tilted 5 degrees

20
Q

aphelion

A

the day of the year when the sun and earth are ferthest apart

21
Q

perihelion

A

the day of the year when the sun and earth are closest together

22
Q

apogee

A

when the earth and moon are farthest apart

23
Q

perigee

A

when the earth and moon are closest together

24
Q

primary

A

an object that is orbited by another object

25
Q

eccentricity

A

the measure of how round an orbit is
# that represents the shape of an orbit

26
Q

which object is located at one foci of the elliptical orbit

A

the sun

27
Q

the actual geometric shape of earths orbit

A

ellipse

28
Q

when earth is at perihelion (season)

A

winter

29
Q

When earth is at aphelion (season)

A

summer

30
Q

a perfect circle has the eccentricity of

A

0

31
Q

If an orbit has an eccentricity value of “0”, what shape is it?

A

perfectly circular

32
Q

The period of the earth’s orbit around the sun is _

A

1 yr

33
Q

The length of an Earth day is determined by the time required for approximately one

A

earths rotation

34
Q

which different motions allow an observer on earth to view different constellations throughout the year

A

earth orbitting the sun

35
Q

if the distance between the earth and the sun were increased what would occur

A

the apparent diameter of the sun would decrease

36
Q

what is the tilt of earths rotational axis relative to a line perpendicular to the plane of earths orbit

A

23.5

37
Q

the gravitational attraction between two object in the solar system is greatest when their masses are

A

large, and the objects are close together

38
Q

What does Kepler’s 1st Law state?

A

all planets move in elliptical shaped orbits around the sun

39
Q

The farther away a planet is from the sun, the _______ it takes it to orbit the sun once.

A

longer

40
Q

What is a lunar eclipse?

A

an eclipse in which the moon appears darkened as it passes into the earth’s shadow

41
Q

What causes the moon’s phases

A

the amt of sunlight reflected onto the moon from the sun

42
Q

Why do we always see the same side of the moon from Earth?

A

because it rotates and revolves at the same rate

43
Q

lunar eclipse only happen during a

A

Full moon

44
Q

solar eclipse happen only during a

A

new moon

45
Q

which motion causes the Coriolis effect on the earth?

A

rotation of earth on its axis

46
Q
A

STUDY SETS 2023-2024 (6 decks)

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