earth surface

Question 1

Deltas

Answer 1

an area of new land at the mouth of a river, formed from sediments carried by the river

Question 2

Beaches

Answer 2

build up along coastlines from the deposition of weathered and eroded sediments

Question 3

Dunes

Answer 3

form in some deserts and along some coastlines where windblown sediments pile up in huge, sandy mounds

Question 4

Sandbars

Answer 4

occur where wave and tidal action build up deposits of sand in long ridges parallel to the shore that often come above the waterline.

Question 5

Floodplains

Answer 5

are deposits of rich sediments built up from a river flooding into the large, flat area surrounding the river

Question 6

Landform

Answer 6

natural land shape or feature

Question 7

Topography

Answer 7

all the kinds of landforms in a certain area

Question 8

Mountain

Answer 8

a landform that is much higher than the surrounding land

Question 9

Hills

Answer 9

landforms that are like mountains, but not as high

Question 10

Sand spit/Barrier Islands

Answer 10

long, narrow piles of sand that help protect the mainland from wave erosion

Question 11

Mesa

Answer 11

an isolated flat-topped hill with steep sides

Question 12

Canyon

Answer 12

a deep valley with steep sides

Question 13

Fault

Answer 13

a fault is a crack in the Earth’s crust

Question 14

Destructive Processes

Answer 14

process that breaks down the surface features of the Earth

Question 15

Weathering

Answer 15

the process of wearing away rocks by natural means

Question 16

Erosion

Answer 16

the process of moving sediment by wind, water or ice

Question 17

Deposition

Answer 17

the process by which sediment drops out of water

Question 18

Sinkhole

Answer 18

a large hole formed when the roof of a cave collapses

Question 19

Landslide

Answer 19

a movement of soil, mud, and rocks quickly down a slope from gravity

Question 20

Plate

Answer 20

block of crust and upper mantle rock

Question 21

Earthquake

Answer 21

movement of the ground caused by a sudden release of energy in Earth’s crust

Question 22

Focus

Answer 22

the place within the crust where energy is released during an earthquake

Question 23

Magnitude

Answer 23

amount of energy released by an earthquake

Question 24

Epicenter

Answer 24

the point of Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake

Question 25

Richter scale

Answer 25

scale of magnitude

Question 26

Magma

Answer 26

melted rock beneath Earth’s surface

Question 27

Lava

Answer 27

molten rock that reaches Earth’s surface

Question 28

Volcano

Answer 28

a mountain made of lava, ash, or other materials