Earthquake Hazards

Question 1

The perceptible shaking of the surface of the Earth, resulting form sudden release of energy in the Earths crust that creates seismic waves

Answer 1

Earthquake

Question 2

composed of plates that are moving away or toward each other

Answer 2

Earths surface

Question 3

move because of the intense heat in the Earths core that causes the molten rock in the mantle to move

Answer 3

plates

Question 4

pattern of movement of plates

Answer 4

Convection cell

Question 5

forms when material rises, cools and eventually sinks down under the influence of gravity

Answer 5

Convection cell

Question 6

A gravitational force that causes a plate to move away from the crest of an ocean ridge and into a subduction zone

Answer 6

Ridge push

Question 7

by Alfred Wegener | fit of continents, fossils, mountain ranges and climate

Answer 7

Continental Drift Theory

Question 8

Produced by sudden movement along faults and plate boundaries

Answer 8

Tectonic Earthquake

Question 9

Produced by movement of magma beneath volcanoes

Answer 9

Volcanic

Question 10

strength of an earthquake based on its relative effect

Answer 10

Intensity

Question 11

strength based on instrumentally derived information

Answer 11

Magnitude

Question 12

refers to the disruptive up and down and sideways motion experienced during an earthquake

Answer 12

Ground shakings

Question 13

a fracture on which one body of rock slides past another

Answer 13

fault

Question 14

fastest seismic waves 4-7 kph and can travel through any particle

Answer 14

Primary waves

Question 15

felt after primary waves, aftershocks 2-5 kph and cannot pass through liquid and gas

Answer 15

Secondary waves

Question 16

a type of primary wave

Answer 16

Body wave

Question 17

seismic waves that move along Earths surface not through its interior | cause the largest ground movements and most damage

Answer 17

Surface waves

Question 18

shakes the surface side to side by Augustus Edward Hough Love

Answer 18

Love wave

Question 19

up forward down backward movement

Answer 19

Rayleigh wave

Question 20

How is ground shaking measured

Answer 20

Velocity
Acceleration
Frequency
Duration

Question 21

creation of new or renewed movement of old fractures often times with two blocks on both side moving in opposite direction

Answer 21

Ground rapture

Question 22

takes place when loosely packed, water logged sediments at or near the ground surface lose their strength in response to ground shaking

Answer 22

Liquefaction

Question 23

Types of Liquefaction

Answer 23

Flow failure
Lateral spread
Ground oscillation
Loss of bearing strength

Question 24

Why landslide occur

Answer 24

give examples

Question 25

occurs suddenly when a massive part of every steep slopes break loose and rotate forward

Answer 25

Topples

Question 26

involves chunks of detached from rocks

Answer 26

Rock falls

Question 27

involve large blocks of bedrock

Answer 27

Slides

Question 28

involves downslope motion of fine grained clay, slit, and fine sand made mobile by water saturation

Answer 28

Flows

Question 29

20-30 mph 10-100 feet high with 6 minutes drawback

Answer 29

Tsunamis

Question 30

may occur when ocean water is displaced suddenly causing the formation of waves that reach the shore in large heights

Answer 30

Tsunamis

Question 31

Causes of tsunamis

Answer 31

landslide volcanic eruption or explosion meteorite impact

Question 32

Signs of impending tsunami

Answer 32

drawback changes in animal behavior sounds similar to incoming train