Earthquake/ tsunami Case Studies Flashcards by Kanchen Shakya

What was the magnitude of 2010 Haiti earthquake?

7.0 on the richter scale

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Haiti Earthquake

Focus:

13km underground

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Haiti Earthquake

Epicentre:

25km from the capital Port-au-prince

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Haiti Earthquake

Plate boundary:

Conservative

Atlantic plate and the Caribbean plate.

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Haiti Earthquake

Location:

Caribbean island
Central america

Surrounded by the atlantic ocean and caribbean sea.

Shares a border with the Dominical Republic.

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Haiti Earthquake

Latitudes:

Latitude 20-70

Longitude 74-70

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Haiti Earthquake

Primary Social impacts:

230,000 killed
1.3 million made homeless
3 million people affected.
280,000 buildings damaged

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Haiti Earthquake

How many people dies:

230,000 people

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Haiti Earthquake

How many buildings were badly damaged?

250,000 homes

30,000 other buildings

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Haiti Earthquake

Number of people affected:

3 million

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Haiti Earthquake

How many people lost their jobs

1/5

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Haiti Earthquake

What were the secondary affects on the people of Haiti?

Dead left on the streets

Morgues and hospitals full

People squashed in shanty towns.

Over 50% of people below poverty line

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Haiti Earthquake

Primary economic impacts:

Transport and communication links badly damaged

* 60% of government buildings destroyed.

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Haiti Earthquake

Secondary economic impacts:

Cost of damage = 14 billion

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Haiti Earthquake

How many people below the poverty line

Over 50%

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Haiti Earthquake

Primary environmental impacts:

Landscape was completely changed: rubble and debris covered the land

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Haiti Earthquake

Secondary environmental impact:

Changed landscape = hard to rebuild.

Therefore some areas were uninhabitable.

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Haiti Earthquake

Immediate responses:

810,000 people were placed in aid camps

Thousands of tents were supplied
A million tarpaulins supplied

Lack of immediate aid = public had to rescue fellow citizens.

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Haiti Earthquake

Long term responses:

Locals paid to clear the rubble and rebuild buildings.

Temporary schools erected

5% rubble cleared after first year

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when did the earthquake in Haiti take place?

12th January 2010

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Christchurch Earthquake

Date:

22 February 2011

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Christchurch Earthquake

Magnitude:

6.3 on the richter scale

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Christchurch Earthquake

Plate boundary:

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Destructive plate boundary.

Indo- Australian and pacific plate.

Pacific plate being subducted.

Christchurch Earthquake

Primary social affects:

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181 people killed

2000 ppl treated for minor injuries

10,000 houses needed to be rebuild.

Christchurch Earthquake Number of people killed:

181

Christchurch Earthquake How many people were treated for major injury?

2000

Christchurch Earthquake Secondary impacts:

* Cost NZ $3.5 billion * Buildings demolished because they were unsafe * liquefaction produced 400,000 tonnes of silt. = cant be built on again.

Christchurch Earthquake Total economic cost:

NZ $ 3.5 billion

Christchurch Earthquake Primary economic effects

* $1.1 billion given to residential property owners. | * economic cost: NZ$ 3.5 billion.

Christchurch Earthquake Secondary social effects:

Most people able to go back to ordinary life's soon after quake

Christchurch Earthquake Secondary environmental effects:

* landslides & damaged buildings. | * liquefaction = 400,000 tonnes of silt produced & unable to build on.

Christchurch Earthquake Secondary economic effects:

* some people left unemployed. | * economy recovered quickly

Christchurch Earthquake Immediate responses:

* within 2 hours of quake. Full emergency plan was in place. * electricity restored to 95% of people within two weeks.

Christchurch Earthquake Secondary responses:

* communities teamed up to restore their neighbourhoods/ local area. * 1yr later some areas being rebuild but very few.

Christchurch Earthquake How did they plan and protect?

* people educated in how to react in an earthquake (duck, cover, hold / open spaces/ keep emergency kit) * deep foundations and semetrical architecture = more resilience.

Christchurch Earthquake How did they predict?

* seismometer = shows foreshocks. * water levels rise in lakes - cracks in rocks. * liltermeter checks movement within rocks.

Japan tsunami Location:

South east Japan Epicentre: out at sea. 81 miles east of Sendai.

Japan tsunami When did it occur?

Friday 11th March 2011

Japan tsunami Direction of tsunami.

NW. | Towards Kesennuma, Sendai, Natori.

Japan tsunami Cities affected:

Kesannuma Natori Sendai Tokyo

Japan tsunami Plates involved:

Pacific subducted under Eurasian plate.

Japan tsunami Cause:

Pressure built up as pacific plate was caught in subduction under the Eurasian plate. When pressure was release = jolt. Resulted in up-wave. Displacement of 10m.

Japan tsunami Size wave reached: Speed of wave:

30m 800km per hour.

Japan tsunami Magnitude of earthquake:

8.99 on richter scale.

Japan tsunami Primary social effects:

* 15800 killed * 27000 injured. * 130,000 buildings demolished.

Japan tsunami Primary environmental effects:

* contaminated crops from damage of nuclear power station. | * 186 mile rupture in ocean floor.

Japan tsunami Primary economic effects:

• business placed demolished.

Japan tsunami Secondary social effects:

* 2 million people left homeless. | * 1.5 million households without water.

Japan tsunami Secondary environmental effects:

* 200 fired | * lost $90 billion in shares. (Of land)

Japan tsunami Secondary economic effects:

* materials could not be transported because lines were damages. * people lost their jobs.

Japan tsunami People killed:

15,800 people killed.

Japan tsunami People injured:

17,000 people injured

Japan tsunami Buildings damaged:

130,000 buildings totally damaged.

Japan tsunami Immediate responses:

* 1500 boxes of aid sent from around the world. | * fast rate of aid: within mins teams alerted.

Japan tsunami Long term responses:

* gov invested in stronger coastal defences. | * find ways of cutting time between disaster and response with communication & sirens.

Japan tsunami How long until estimated recovery?

5 yrs

Haiti earthquake What was the cause of the earthquake?

North American plate sliding past the caribbean plate. One moves faster than the other. Pressure build up due to friction. Plates eventually released = earthquake

Earthquake/ tsunami Case Studies Flashcards

(57 cards)