Earthquake/valcano

Question 1

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Answer 1

11. nonexplosive volcano
12. Krakatoa
13. Yellowstone supervolcano
14. San Andreas fault
15. Mid-oceanic ridge
16. shield volcano
17. cinder cone volcano
18. composite volcano
19. hot spot
20. Mt. Vesuvius

Question 2

ring of fire

Answer 2

a path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes

Question 3

Strike-slip fault

Answer 3

a fault in which rock strata are displaced mainly in a horizontal direction, parallel to the line of the fault.

Question 4

Normal fault

Answer 4

a dip-slip fault in which the block above the fault has moved downward relative to the block below.

Question 5

Reverse fault

Answer 5

a geological fault in which the hanging wall appears to have been pushed up along the footwall.

Question 6

P-waves

Answer 6

two main types of elastic body waves, called seismic waves in seismology.

Question 7

S-waves

Answer 7

secondary waves, or shear waves are a type of elastic wave and are one of the two main types of elastic body waves

Question 8

epicenter

Answer 8

the point on the earth’s surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake.

Question 9

focus

Answer 9

the place inside Earth’s crust where an earthquake originates.

Question 10

Richter magnitude scale

Answer 10

assigns a number to quantify the amount of seismic energy released by an earthquake.

Question 11

explosive volcano

Answer 11

a volcanic eruption of the most violent type.

Question 12

nonexplosive volcano

Answer 12

the most common type of volcanic eruptions. covered with lava form nonexplosive eruptions.

Question 13

Krakatoa

Answer 13

a caldera in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Indonesian province of Lampung.

Question 14

Yellowstone supervolcano

Answer 14

a volcano that has had an eruption with a Volcanic Explosivity Index of 8, the largest recorded value on the index.

Question 15

San Andreas fault

Answer 15

a continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 kilometers through California

Question 16

Mid-oceanic ridge

Answer 16

seismically active submarine ridge system situated in the middle of an ocean basin and marking the site of the upwelling of magma associated with seafloor spreading.

Question 17

shield volcano

Answer 17

a broad domed volcano with gently sloping sides, characteristic of the eruption of fluid, basaltic lava.

Question 18

cinder cone volcano

Answer 18

a steep conical hill of loose pyroclastic fragments.

Question 19

composite volcano

Answer 19

a conical volcano built up by many layers of hardened lava and tephra.

Question 20

hot spot

Answer 20

hotspots are volcanic locales thought to be fed by underlying mantle that is anomalously hot.

Question 21

Mt. Vesuvius

Answer 21

a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania.