earthquake/volcano Flashcards
(20 cards)
a region around much of the rim of the Pacific Ocean where many volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur
ring of fire
vertical or nearly vertical fractures where the blocks have mostly moved horizontally
strike-slip fault
fault in which the block above the fault has moved downward relative to the block below
normal fault
In a reverse fault, the block above the fault moves up relative to the block below the fault
reverse fault
one of the two main types of elastic body waves, called seismic waves in seismology
p-waves
a type of elastic wave and are one of the two main types of elastic body waves, so named because they move through the body of an object
s-waves
the point on the earth’s surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake
epicenter
the point of origin of an earthquake
focus
the most common standard of measurement for earthquakes
richter magnitude scale
a volcanic eruption of the most violent type
explosive eruption
the most common volcanic eruption
non-explosive eruption
a caldera in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Indonesian province of Lampung
krakatoa
a volcanic caldera and supervolcano in Yellowstone National Park
yellowstone super-volcano
a continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 kilometers through California
san andreas fault
a seafloor mountain system formed by plate tectonics
mid-ocean ridge
a type of volcano named for its low profile, resembling a warrior’s shield lying on the ground
shield volcano
steep conical hill of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as volcanic clinkers, volcanic ash, or scoria
cinder cone volcano
conical volcano built up by many layers of hardened lava and tephra, also known as a stratovolcano
composite volcano
an area of volcanic activity, especially where this is isolated
hot spot
the only volcano on Europe’s mainland to have erupted in the last hundred years
mt vesuvius
