Earths Spheres

Question 1

The aurora borealis and the ionosphere can be found in the _____________

Answer 1

Thermosphere

Question 2

Convection currents in the ___________ are responsible for plate movement.

Answer 2

Mantle

Question 3

What is the tropopause? What about its temperature?

Answer 3

The boundary between the troposphere and the stratosphere.

Approximately between -55 and -60 degrees Celsius.

Question 4

What is the stratopause? What about the temperature?

Answer 4

The boundary between the stratosphere and the mesosphere. Approximately -15 degrees Celsius.

Question 5

What is the mesopause? What about the temperature?

Answer 5

The boundary between the mesosphere and the thermosphere.

Approximately -100 degrees Celsius.

Question 6

Ice is found in the ___________part of the Earth system.

Answer 6

Cryosphere

Question 7

About____% of the Earth system is fresh water.

Answer 7

3

Question 8

What layer of the geosphere has the most mass?

Answer 8

Mantle

Question 9

The crust is made mostly of __________ ____________

Answer 9

Silicate materials

Question 10

Name the layers of the geosphere from center-most to outermost.

Answer 10

Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust

Question 11

What two spheres interact to form waves and current?

Answer 11

Atmosphere and hydrosphere.

Question 12

What part of the Earth system includes decomposed organisms?

Answer 12

Geosphere

Question 13

What is the composition of Earths atmosphere

Answer 13

78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, and 1% other gases.

Question 14

How does the mantle compare to the crust in terms of thickness and density?

Answer 14

The mantle is thicker and denser than the crust.

Question 15

Where is most of Earths water found?

Answer 15

In oceans

Question 16

What is Earths hydrosphere?

Answer 16

Liquid water

Question 17

If a warm object is in contact with a cooler one, what will cause heat transfer? What happens to the temperature of each object?

Answer 17

Conduction. The cool object will get warmer, and the warm object will get cooler

Question 18

What causes water to warm more slowly than land?

Answer 18

Water has a higher specific heat than land.

Question 19

If water is placed in the sun, what will happen to its volume and kinetic energy?

Answer 19

Both the volume and the kinetic energy will increase.

Question 20

The transfer of energy due to the movement of matter.
Ex. Water boiling in a pot
Hot water rises, while cooler water from other parts of the pot sink and replace the rising water.

Answer 20

Convection

Question 21

What is the most abundant gas in Earths atmosphere?

Answer 21

Nitrogen

Question 22

What causes atmospheric pressure?

Answer 22

The pull of gravity on the gass molecules

Question 23

As altitude increases, atmospheric pressure____________

Answer 23

Decreases

Question 24

How are atmospheric layers defined?

Answer 24

Temperature variations

Question 25

Name the atmospheric layers from lowest to highest.

Answer 25

Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere.

Question 26

What atmospheric layer makes up most of the total mass of the atmosphere?

Answer 26

Troposphere

Question 27

What is the main benefit of ozone?

Answer 27

Blocks out the harmful UV rays of the sun

Question 28

As altitude increases in the troposphere, temperature __________ Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere

Answer 28

Decreases Increases Decreases Increases

Question 29

Name the seven types of radiation. Give examples.

Answer 29

Radio- telecommunication Microwave- heats food and radar Infrared- warmth from the sun, heat lamps, remote control Visible- colors, vision X-rays- see bones Ultraviolet- sunburns, tans, vitamin D, used to sterilize medical equipment. Gamma- medical treatment (radiation)

Question 30

The transfer of energy by heat | Ex. Hot burner on a stove and a campfire.

Answer 30

Radiation

Question 31

The transfer of energy from one object to another object through direct contact. Ex. Flat iron on hair, and hand on stove.

Answer 31

Conduction

Question 32

What layer of the atmosphere is the ozone layer in

Answer 32

The stratosphere