EarthSystem

Question 1

is a complex system of interacting physical, chemical and biological processes, and provides a natural laboratory whose experiments have been running since the beginning of time

Answer 1

Earth

Question 2

A set of interconnected components that are interacting to form a unified whole

Answer 2

System

Question 3

Why is Earth a “system”?

Answer 3

A. The earth has several separate components like any system.
B.The earth has multiple interactions like any system.
C. The earth has interacting components like any system.

Question 4

is a system in which there is only an exchange of heat and energy and no exchange of matter

Answer 4

closed system

Question 5

Where does earth receive energy from?

Answer 5

SUN

Question 6

Where does the earth return some of this energy to?

Answer 6

Space

Question 7

is a dynamic bodywith many separate, but highly interacting parts or spheres

Answer 7

Earth

Question 8

studies Earth as a system composed of numerous parts, or subsystems

Answer 8

Earth System Science

Question 9

What are earths four spheres?

Answer 9

Atmosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and Biosphere

Question 10

Earth is powered by one external source

Answer 10

sun

Question 11

Earth is powered by 2 internal sources

Answer 11

Radioactive decay and gravitational energy

Question 12

comprises the solid Earth and includes both Earth’s surface and the various layers of the Earth’s interior

Answer 12

Geosphere

Question 13

gaseous envelope that surrounds the Earth and constitutes the transition between its and the vacuum of space

Answer 13

Atmosphere

Question 14

includes all water on Earth (including surface water and groundwater

Answer 14

Hydrosphere

Question 15

the life zone of the Earth and includes all living organisms, and all organic matter that has not yet decomposed

Answer 15

Biosphere

Question 16

The Earth is surrounded by a blanket of air, which we call the

Answer 16

Atmosphere

Question 17

4 unique layers of the Atmosphere

Answer 17

the troposphere, the stratosphere, the mesosphere, and the thermosphere

Question 18

The atmosphere reaches how many km?

Answer 18

The atmosphere reaches over 560 kilometers (348 miles) up from the surface of the Earth

Question 19

What is the atmosphere composed of?

Answer 19

The atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen (about 78%) and oxygen (about 21%). Other components exist in small quantities

Question 20

consists of a mixture of gases composed primarily of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapour

Answer 20

Atmosphere

Question 21

Zones of diffuse atmospheric components in the far reaches of the atmosphere

Answer 21

Mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere

Question 22

constitutes the climate system that maintains the conditions suitable for life on the planet’s surface

Answer 22

troposphere (0-10 km)

Question 23

contains ozone that protects life on the planet by filtering harmful ultraviolet radiation from the Sun

Answer 23

The stratosphere (10 to 50km)

Question 24

Interactions with other Earth System components

Answer 24

Atmosphere

Question 25

The gases of the atmosphere readily exchange with those dissolved in water bodies (e.g. oceans, lakes, etc.

Answer 25

Hydrosphere

Question 26

The atmosphere supplies oxygen and carbon dioxide that form the basis of life processes (photosynthesis and respiration

Answer 26

Biosphere

Question 27

Gases in the atmosphere react with water to produce weak acids that aid in the breakdown of roc

Answer 27

Geosphere

Question 28

is the “life zone”of the Earth, and includes all living organisms (including humans), and all organic matter that has not yet decompose

Answer 28

Biosphere

Question 29

The biosphere is structured into a hierarchy known as the ____ (all life is dependant on the first tier –mainly the primary producers that are capable of photosynthesis

Answer 29

Food chain

Question 30

Is is transferred from one level of the food chain to the next

Answer 30

Energy and mass

Question 31

contains all the waterfound on our planet

Answer 31

Hydrosphere

Question 32

Only about _% of the water on Earth is “fresh” water, and about _% of the fresh water is frozen in the form of glacial ice

Answer 32

Only about 3% of the water on Earth is “fresh” water, and about 70% of the fresh water is frozen in the form of glacial ice

Question 33

is the solid Earth that includes the continental and ocean crust as well the various layers of Earth’s interio

Answer 33

Geosphere

Question 34

_% of the Earth is composed of the elements oxygen, silicon, and magnesium

Answer 34

94

Question 35

The geopsphere is not static (unchanging), but its surface _ is in a constant state of motion

Answer 35

(crust)

Question 36

Composition of crust

Answer 36

Primarily silica plus light metallic elements

Question 37

Composition of mantle

Answer 37

Primarily silica plus iron and magnesium

Question 38

Composition of core

Answer 38

Primarily iron and nickel

Question 39

Physical characteristics of lithosphere

Answer 39

Brittle solid

Question 40

Physical characteristics of asthenosphere

Answer 40

Solid (but nearly liquid)

Question 41

Physical characteristics of Mesosphere

Answer 41

Solid

Question 42

Physical characteristics of outer core

Answer 42

Liquid

Question 43

Physical characteristics of inner core

Answer 43

Solid