Earthworks & Foundations

Question 1

Shall be constructed or protected such that they do not endanger life or property

Answer 1

Excavation or fills

Question 2

How many cuts involving intact rock or hard soil that are not intended to support structures

Answer 2

3m or less in height

Question 3

The ____ of cut shall be no steeper than is safe for intended use and shall be no steeper than 1V in 2H or (50% slope)

Answer 3

Slope

Question 4

Existing footings and foundations by any excavation shall be protected against ________ (2)

Answer 4

Settlement
Lateral movement

Question 5

The person making the excavation shall notify in writing the owners not less than ____ before.

Answer 5

10 days

Question 6

Excavation or open cuts in excess of ___ in depth shall be designed shoring or support to protect against collapse

Answer 6

1.5m

Question 7

Minor fills ( H ≤ __ ) not intended to support structures

Answer 7

2m

Question 8

If the slopes are steeper than 1V in 5H and height is greater than 1.5m, the ground surface shall be prepared by ____

Answer 8

Benching

Question 9

The bench under the toe of fill on slope steeper than 1V in 5H shall be at least ____ wide

Answer 9

3m

Question 10

Any _______ shall be removed and will not be permitted in fills

Answer 10

Organic or deleterious material

Question 11

Maximum dimension greater than ____ shall be buried or placed in fills

Answer 11

200mm

Question 12

All fills shall be compacted in lifts not exceeding ___ in thickness to minimum of ___ percent of maximum density

Answer 12

20cm
90

Question 13

A minimum of ___ test for every ____ area should be performed for every lift

Answer 13

3
500m^2

Question 14

The angle of internal friction for the backfill material shall be not less than

Answer 14

34°

Question 15

_____ shall be conducted and a Professional report shall be submitted at each building site

Answer 15

Foundation investigation

Question 16

For structures 2 storeys or higher, a ______ shall be performed to evaluate in situ soil parameters for foundation design and analysis

Answer 16

Geotechnical study

Question 17

All boreholes should be drilled to a depth of at least ____ into hard strata

Answer 17

5 meters

Question 18

For buildings with basements, the depth of boring should extend to _____ of the structures footprint

Answer 18

Twice the least dimension

Question 19

Number of boreholes for Foorprint Area ≤ 50

Answer 19

1

Question 20

Number of boreholes for
50 < Foorprint Area ≤ 500

Answer 20

2

Question 21

Number of boreholes for Foorprint Area > 500

Answer 21

2 + (A/1000)
Round up to the nearest integer
A in m^2

Question 22

_____ shall be based on observation and any necessary tests of the materials disclosed by borings or excavation made.

Answer 22

Soil classification

Question 23

Shallow ground water

Answer 23

2m or less

Question 24

Unconsolidated saturated sandy alluvium

Answer 24

N< 15

Question 25

Footings or foundations placed on or within the active zone of expansive soils should be designed to resist ____ and prevent ______.

Answer 25

Differential volume changes Structural damage

Question 26

Field borehole log containing the following information

Answer 26

Project location Depth of borehole Ground elevation Ground water table elevation Date started and finished

Question 27

____ is generally used for determination of soil subgrade properties for rigid foundations

Answer 27

Plate load test

Question 28

Footings and foundations shall be constructed of _____, ____ or _____

Answer 28

Masonry Concrete Treated wood

Question 29

Footings of concrete and masonry shall be of ____

Answer 29

Solid material

Question 30

Foundations supporting wood shall extend at least ____ above the adjacent finish grade

Answer 30

150mm

Question 31

The dead load is permitted to include the weight of

Answer 31

Foundations Footings Overlying fill

Question 32

____ shall be supported on masonry or concrete foundations or piles or other permitted foundation system

Answer 32

Bearing walls

Question 33

Steel bolts with a minimum diameter of 12mm shall be used in ___. And 16mm shall be used in ____

Answer 33

Seismic zone 2 Seismic zone 4

Question 34

Bolts shall be embedded at least ____ into the concrete or masonry and shall be spaced not more than ___ apart

Answer 34

180mm 2m

Question 35

The resistance to vertical loads is determined by the _____

Answer 35

Allowable soil-bearing pressure

Question 36

Backfill shall be of concrete with an ultimate strength of _____ at 28 days

Answer 36

15 Mpa

Question 37

In grillage footings, concrete cover shall be at least ____ on the bottom and at least _____ at all other points

Answer 37

150mm 100mm

Question 38

For piles which support their own specific load, a safety factor of ____ shall be applied to compression parallel to the grain values and ___ to extreme fiber in bending values

Answer 38

1.25 1.30

Question 39

The length of pile shall be limited to not more than ____ times the average diameter

Answer 39

30

Question 40

Concrete shall have a specified compressive strength f'c of not less than ____

Answer 40

17.5Mpa

Question 41

The allowable compressive stress in the concrete shall not exceed _____

Answer 41

0.33f'c

Question 42

The allowable compressive stress of reinforcement shall not exceed ___ percent of the yield strength of the steel or ____

Answer 42

34 175 Mpa

Question 43

Shallow foundations

Answer 43

Strip footings Isolated footings Combined footings Mat foundations Grade beams

Question 44

Deep foundations

Answer 44

Pile caps Piles Drilled piers Caissons

Question 45

Minimum base area of foundation shall be calculated from ____ transmitted by foundation

Answer 45

Unfactored forces and moments

Question 46

Overall depth of foundation shall be selected such that the effective depth of bottom reinforcement is at least

Answer 46

150mm

Question 47

Ratio of long to short side of footing

Answer 47

Beta

Question 48

Common types of footings

Answer 48

* Wall footing or strip footing * Spread or square footings * Rectangular footings * Combined footings * Cantilever or strap footing * Floating or mat or raft foundation * Pile caps

Question 49

is a continuous strip of concrete that supports a bearing wall, cantilevering out on each side of the wall.

Answer 49

Wall footing or strip footing

Question 50

are pads that distribute the column load in two directions to an area of soil around the column.

Answer 50

Spread or square footings

Question 51

is used to support loads on a single column where sometimes the location of the footing is limited to its property line on one of the sides.

Answer 51

Rectangular footings

Question 52

are used to support two heavily loaded columns are so spaced

Answer 52

Combined footings

Question 53

is really two footings joined by a beam instead of by a bearing portion of the footing. Each of the two main parts of this footing supports a column load.

Answer 53

Cantilever or strap footing

Question 54

is a single thick mat or slab that supports the entire structure. This type of foundation is frequently used with poor soil conditions to equalize deformations.

Answer 54

Floating or mat or raft foundation

Question 55

slabs of reinforced concrete used to distribute to group of piles.

Answer 55

Pile caps

Question 56

For structural design purposes, it is customary to assume that the soil pressure are _______ on the footings

Answer 56

linearly distributed uniformly

Question 57

Column footing must be designed for a six strength conditions:

Answer 57

1. Bearing (compression) from column on top of footing 2. Dowels into the footing 3. Strength of soil beneath the footing 4. Shear strength 5. Reinforcements provided 6. Development length of bars

Question 58

Peak ground acceleration may be assumed equal to

Answer 58

Seismic zone

Question 59

When the allowable axial compressive load of a single pile is determined by

Answer 59

Static load test

Question 60

Used to determine the bearing capacity of piles

Answer 60

Dynamic load test