EAS Quis

Question 1

Why are individuals with long-term (>30 years) high-frequency hearing loss often poor candidates for EAS?
They may have significant degeneration of auditory nerve fibers
They are more likely to reject the implant
They require a different type of hearing aid
Their low-frequency hearing is too poor

Answer 1

They may have significant degeneration of auditory nerve fibers

Question 2

Why is low-frequency hearing preservation important in hybrid cochlear implants?
It improves localization and speech recognition in noise
It increases electrical stimulation efficiency
It extends the life of the cochlear implant
It prevents high-frequency hearing loss

Answer 2

It improves localization and speech recognition in noise

Question 3

Angular insertion depth is a more precise way to describe insertion depth in cochlear implantation. What best defines angular insertion depth?
The total physical length of the electrode array inserted into the cochlea, measured in millimeters
The number of degrees the electrode array rotates around the cochlea, determining which frequency regions it stimulates
The distance between the electrode contacts and the auditory nerve
The depth of insertion measured from the round window to the tip of the electrode in a straight line

Answer 3

The number of degrees the electrode array rotates around the cochlea, determining which frequency regions it stimulates

Question 4

What is a common goal of hybrid cochlear implants?
To replace all hearing with electrical stimulation
To provide electric stimulation in low frequencies
To preserve low-frequency hearing while providing electric stimulation in high frequencies
To stimulate all frequencies electrically

Answer 4

To preserve low-frequency hearing while providing electric stimulation in high frequencies

Question 5

What is one benefit of using electric-acoustic stimulation instead of purely electrical stimulation?
Provides stronger high-frequency amplification
Requires no external processor
Eliminates the need for surgery
Improves natural sound perception by preserving acoustic cues

Answer 5

Improves natural sound perception by preserving acoustic cues

Question 6

What is the main purpose of an acoustic receiver in an EAS processor?
To replace all electrical stimulation
To improve high-frequency electrical stimulation
To increase battery life of the processor
To amplify low-frequency sounds

Answer 6

To amplify low-frequency sounds

Question 7

According to clinical trials, what is the average improvement in speech recognition for hybrid cochlear implant users?
5-10%
20-30%
50-60% improvement in CNC word scores
No significant improvement

Answer 7

50-60% improvement in CNC word scores

Question 8

What is a major limitation of cochlear implants alone compared to hybrid devices?
They struggle to encode fine structure cues for music and pitch perception
They are unable to provide any speech understanding
They do not work in quiet environments
They always result in complete hearing loss

Answer 8

They struggle to encode fine structure cues for music and pitch perception

Question 9

What is the main reason patients with long-term high-frequency hearing loss (>30 years) are poor candidates for EAS?
They have a higher risk of infection
Their auditory nerve may not respond well to electrical stimulation
They cannot undergo cochlear implant surgery
They have poor SNR

Answer 9

Their auditory nerve may not respond well to electrical stimulation

Question 10

How does fine temporal structure contribute to sound perception?
It improves speech recognition in quiet environments
It provides information about syllable stress
It is primarily used for localization
It enhances the perception of melody and music

Answer 10

It enhances the perception of melody and music

Question 11

What are the different acoustic receivers that can be used with the Cochlear Nucleus 7 EAS processor?
60 dB, 85 dB, and 100 dB receivers, which differ in power output and are selected based on the user’s degree of low-frequency hearing loss
A single universal receiver that automatically adjusts amplification levels for all users
60 dB, 85 dB, and 100 dB receivers, which differ in power output and are selected based on the user’s degree of high-frequency hearing loss
30 dB, 50 dB, and 65 dB receivers, which differ in power output and are selected based on the user’s degree of low-frequency hearing loss

Answer 11

60 dB, 85 dB, and 100 dB receivers, which differ in power output and are selected based on the user’s degree of low-frequency hearing loss

Question 12

Why are thin electrode arrays preferred for hybrid cochlear implants?
They minimize trauma to cochlear structures
They allow deeper insertion into the cochlea
They provide stronger electrical stimulation
They are more cost-effective

Answer 12

They minimize trauma to cochlear structures

Question 12

What is the primary reason surgeons prefer round window insertion for hybrid cochlear implants?
It ensures full cochlear coverage
It allows deeper insertion for better sound quality
It minimizes trauma and preserves residual hearing
All of the above

Answer 12

It minimizes trauma and preserves residual hearing

Question 13

What is a key criterion for eligibility for the Nucleus Hybrid L24 cochlear implant?
Severe-to-profound hearing loss across all frequencies
Pure-tone thresholds below 90 dB HL at all frequencies
Low-frequency hearing no poorer than 60 dB HL at 500 Hz
At least 50% CNC word recognition in both ears

Answer 13

Low-frequency hearing no poorer than 60 dB HL at 500 Hz

Question 14

What is a distinguishing feature of the MED-EL SONNET EAS sound processor?
It does not support electric-acoustic stimulation
It has a built-in acoustic receiver for low-frequency amplification
It is only used for profound hearing loss cases
It requires a cochleostomy for all implantations

Answer 14

It has a built-in acoustic receiver for low-frequency amplification

Question 15

Why is fine temporal structure important in sound perception?
It improves localization in noisy environments
It enhances melody recognition and speech in complex environments
It allows users to detect loudness differences
It only affects speech perception in quiet

Answer 15

It enhances melody recognition and speech in complex environments

Question 16

What should an audiologist do if a patient does not perceive low-frequency sounds properly?
Increase the gain of the acoustic component
Increase the crossover frequency
Reduce electric stimulation in high frequencies
Remove the acoustic component entirely

Answer 16

Increase the gain of the acoustic component

Question 17

What is the primary difference between the Contour Advance and Slim Modiolar electrode arrays?
Contour Advance is thinner than the Slim Modiolar
Slim Modiolar is thinner and less traumatic than Contour Advance
Contour Advance has a straight shape while Slim Modiolar is curved
Slim Modiolar provides better speech understanding in quiet environments

Answer 17

Slim Modiolar is thinner and less traumatic than Contour Advance

Question 18

What happens if the crossover frequency is set too high?
The patient will have too much electrical stimulation
There will be excessive low-frequency amplification
The electrical stimulation will be ineffective
The patient may experience distortion due to overlapping signals

Answer 18

The patient may experience distortion due to overlapping signals

Question 19

Which electrode array has a typical insertion depth of about 450 degrees?
Nucleus Hybrid L24
Contour Advance
MED EL Flex 24
Advanced Bionics Slim J

Answer 19

contour advance

Question 20

Why is probe-microphone verification important when fitting the acoustic component?
To measure patient satisfaction
To ensure proper gain and output matching to prescriptive targets
To check if electrical stimulation is working
To determine the patient’s hearing thresholds

Answer 20

To ensure proper gain and output matching to prescriptive targets

Question 21

Which frequency range is typically targeted for electrical stimulation in hybrid cochlear implants?
100-500 Hz
1000-1500 Hz and above
2000-4000 Hz only
Below 1000 Hz

Answer 21

1000-1500 Hz and above

Question 22

Why does preserving low-frequency acoustic hearing benefit speech understanding in noisy environments?
It increases the overall loudness of sound
It eliminates background noise
It provides interaural timing cues that help separate speech from noise
It makes speech slower and easier to process

Answer 22

It provides interaural timing cues that help separate speech from noise

Question 23

Which type of electrode array is typically used in hybrid cochlear implants to preserve low-frequency hearing?
Perimodiolar electrode array
Contour Advance electrode array
Straight or lateral wall electrode array
Modiolar hugging electrode array

Answer 23

Straight or lateral wall electrode array

Question 24

Which of the following is a primary concern when inserting an electrode too deeply into the cochlea? It may damage the apical regions, reducing speech perception It improves tonal perception but reduces speech understanding It only affects high-frequency hearing It causes an increase in sound distortion

Answer 24

It may damage the apical regions, reducing speech perception

Question 25

What is the function of the processor in a hybrid cochlear implant system? a) It transmits sound through bone conduction b) It directly stimulates auditory nerve fibers c) It analyzes sound and determines stimulation levels d) It converts sound waves into fluid motion

Answer 25

c) It analyzes sound and determines stimulation levels

Question 26

What was a key finding from the US FDA hybrid cochlear implant trial? a) All patients retained full residual hearing b) Patients with profound hearing loss had the best outcomes c) The Nucleus Hybrid L24 was ineffective d) Even patients who lost residual hearing still showed significant speech improvement

Answer 26

d

Question 27

Which of the following correctly describes an approach for fitting EAS implant technology? a) The Meet approach, where acoustic amplification is provided up to a certain frequency, and electric stimulation begins where hearing is no longer usable. b) The Overlap approach, where electric stimulation is provided first, and acoustic amplification is only used if electrical hearing is insufficient c) The Gap approach, where acoustic and electric hearing fully overlap across all frequencies to maximize stimulation d) All of the above are correct

Answer 27

a

Question 28

What is the minimum age requirement for receiving the Nucleus Hybrid L24 cochlear implant, according to FDA guidelines? a) 12 years old b) 18 years old c) 21 years old d) No age restriction

Answer 28

b

Question 29

6) What hearing loss threshold is typically used to decide if a patient can benefit from low-frequency amplification? a) 50 dB HL b) 70-75 dB HL c) 85 dB HL d) 90 dB HL

Answer 29

b

Question 30

Why do some hybrid cochlear implant processors include an acoustic receiver? a) To amplify high-frequency sounds b) To store power for extended battery life c) To provide low-frequency amplification alongside electrical stimulation d) To convert electrical signals into mechanical vibrations

Answer 30

c

Question 31

Which method is commonly used to set the crossover frequency? a) Matching acoustic amplification to prescriptive targets until high-frequency hearing is no longer usable b) Using the patient’s preference alone c) Randomly selecting a frequency d) Keeping it fixed at 1000 Hz for all patients

Answer 31

a

Question 32

11) What is a common surgical technique used to minimize trauma during cochlear implant insertion? a) High-speed drilling with no irrigation b) Deep perimodiolar insertion c) Electrode array folding before insertion d) Round window insertion

Answer 32

d

Question 33

12) What is a common fitting strategy for EAS devices? a) Providing only electrical stimulation across all frequencies b) Matching acoustic amplification to prescriptive targets, then transitioning to electrical stimulation at higher frequencies c) Amplifying all frequencies acoustically d) Ignoring low-frequency hearing and only focusing on high frequencies

Answer 33

b

Question 34

13) Which manufacturer offers the Naída Q90 EAS sound processor for hybrid cochlear implants? a) Cochlear b) Advanced Bionics c) MED-EL d) Oticon Medical

Answer 34

c

Question 35

15) What is the main reason patients with long-term high-frequency hearing loss (>30 years) are poor candidates for EAS? a) They have a higher risk of infection b) Their auditory nerve may not respond well to electrical stimulation c) They cannot undergo cochlear implant surgery d) they have poor SNR

Answer 35

b

Question 36

18) What does EAS stand for in cochlear implant technology? a) Electric Audio Stimulation b) Electric Acoustic Stimulation c) Enhanced Audio System d) Electro Auditory Sensation

Answer 36

b

Question 37

20) What is a reason hybrid cochlear implants may be beneficial for future medical advancements? a) They make electrical stimulation more effective b) They preserve cochlear structures for potential regenerative therapies c) They replace the need for hearing aids d) They provide a higher level of amplification

Answer 37

b

Question 38

21) Why is probe-microphone verification important when fitting the acoustic component? a) To measure patient satisfaction b) To ensure proper gain and output matching to prescriptive targets c) To check if electrical stimulation is working d) To determine the patient’s hearing thresholds

Answer 38

b

Question 39

22) What is the primary reason for using a slower drill speed and irrigation during cochleostomy? a) To speed up the surgical process b) To reduce the risk of overheating and damage to cochlear structures c) To create a larger opening for the electrode array d) To improve electrical conductivity

Answer 39

b

Question 40

23) Which type of electrode array is typically used in hybrid cochlear implants to preserve low-frequency hearing? a) Perimodiolar electrode array b) Contour Advance electrode array c) Straight or lateral wall electrode array d) Modiolar hugging electrode array

Answer 40

c

Question 41

24) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of soft surgical techniques? a) Slow drill speed b) High-pressure irrigation c) Suctioning to remove bone dust d) Avoidance of overheating during drilling

Answer 41

b

Question 42

25) What is the function of the processor in a hybrid cochlear implant system? a) It transmits sound through bone conduction b) It directly stimulates auditory nerve fibers c) It analyzes sound and determines stimulation levels d) It converts sound waves into fluid motion

Answer 42

c