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GEO 120 > East Asia > Flashcards

East Asia Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the world’s second most populous realm?

A

East Asia

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2
Q

Which country is now second to India in population?

A

China

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3
Q

What is one of the world’s earliest culture hearths?

A

China

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4
Q

What distinguishes China in terms of civilization?

A

One of the world’s oldest continuous civilizations

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5
Q

What continues to transform traditional cultural landscapes in East Asia?

A

Political and economic forces

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6
Q

What are the characteristics of regional disparities in East Asia?

A

Intensifying regional disparities; population concentrations in the east, situated in river basins

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7
Q

What is projected about China’s economic and political influence?

A

China’s economic and political influence is projected globally.

This indicates China’s growing role in international affairs and global markets.

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8
Q

What city is known as the fastest-growing city in history?

A

Shenzhen.

Shenzhen’s rapid growth has made it a significant economic hub.

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9
Q

Where is the most productive economy of its size located?

A

Pearl River estuary.

This area is crucial for China’s economic development.

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10
Q

When did China displace the United States as the largest economy in the world?

A

December 2014.

This event marked a significant shift in global economic power.

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11
Q

What were the Opium Wars fought over?

A

European colonials’ treatment of China and opium trade issues.

The Opium Wars were pivotal in shaping China’s modern history.

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12
Q

Who won the Chinese Civil War from 1945 to 1949?

A

The Communist Party of China.

This victory led to the establishment of the People’s Republic of China.

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13
Q

What was the Great Leap Forward?

A

A campaign aimed at rapidly transforming China into a socialist society that resulted in a disaster.

It caused significant famine and economic disruption.

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14
Q

What is the current demographic situation in western China?

A

Rapidly developing but sparsely populated with minority pressures and Islamic influences.

This highlights the complexities of governance and social cohesion in the region.

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15
Q

What percentage of the world’s population lives in China?

A

20%.

Despite a large population, China occupies only a small fraction of the world’s land area.

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16
Q

What percentage of the world’s land area does China effectively live on?

A

3%.

This indicates the density and challenges of land use in China.

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17
Q

How many ‘Chinas’ are there?

A

Three: People’s Republic of China (Mainland), Republic of China (Taiwan), Hong Kong.

Each has its own political and economic systems.

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18
Q

Where do most Chinese people live?

A

Most Chinese live in China Proper, the more humid eastern side of the country.

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19
Q

What characterizes Western China?

A

Western China is dominated by deserts and the Tibetan (Xizang) Plateau.

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20
Q

What is the primary distinction between Humid China and Arid China?

A

Humid China is well-watered, while Arid China is characterized by deserts.

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21
Q

True or False: Most Chinese people live in the arid western part of China.

A

False

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22
Q

Fill in the blank: The eastern side of China is known for being _______.

A

[humid]

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23
Q

What is the current population of China?

A

1.4 billion

China is still growing, but at a slower rate and is expected to be overtaken by India in the 2020s.

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24
Q

What policy was imposed on Han Chinese families?

A

One-child policy

The policy was aimed at controlling population growth.

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25
Why are fewer female babies born today in China?
Due to cultural preferences and the one-child policy ## Footnote This has led to gender imbalances in the population.
26
What percentage of China is cultivable land?
10% ## Footnote Despite this small percentage, 80% of the population lives on this land.
27
What portion of China's population lives on cultivable land?
80% ## Footnote This indicates a high population density in the limited arable areas.
28
How is the population distribution characterized in China?
Western 2/3 is sparsely populated, mostly by minorities ## Footnote The majority of the population resides in the eastern regions.
29
What geographical feature is more prominent in South China compared to North China?
Hilly/mountainous terrain ## Footnote This topography facilitates the practice of terracing.
30
What is the climate like in South China?
Warmer and wetter ## Footnote This climate supports agricultural practices such as rice cultivation.
31
What nickname is given to South China due to its agricultural significance?
Rice bowl of China ## Footnote This term reflects the region's high rice production.
32
What agricultural practice is possible in some areas of South China due to its climate?
Double-cropping of rice ## Footnote This allows for more than one rice harvest per year.
33
What is the significance of the Yangzi River from Shanghai to Wuhan?
It serves as a major transportation and trade route ## Footnote The river is crucial for economic activities in the region.
34
What major construction project is associated with the Yangzi River?
Three Gorges Dam ## Footnote This dam is known for its hydroelectric power generation and flood control.
35
What is Xizang commonly known as?
Tibet ## Footnote Xizang is the official name for Tibet in Chinese.
36
What action did the Chinese take regarding Tibet’s cultural heritage?
Destroyed much of Tibet’s cultural heritage ## Footnote This refers to the systematic efforts to erase Tibetan cultural identity.
37
What demographic change was encouraged by the Chinese in Tibet?
Encouraged Han Chinese to move here ## Footnote This policy aimed to alter the ethnic composition of Tibet.
38
What percentage of Xinjiang's population is Han Chinese?
40% ## Footnote This demographic change is attributed to a process known as Hanification.
39
What ethnic group is a minority in Xinjiang?
Islamic Uyghur ## Footnote The Uyghurs have been involved in many conflicts with the Han Chinese population.
40
What term describes the process that has led to an increase in Han Chinese population in Xinjiang?
Hanification ## Footnote Hanification refers to the assimilation policies promoting Han Chinese culture and settlement.
41
True or False: The Uyghur population is the majority in Xinjiang.
False ## Footnote The Han Chinese have become the majority due to Hanification.
42
What has been a significant consequence of the demographic changes in Xinjiang?
Conflicts with Islamic Uyghur minority ## Footnote These conflicts arise from cultural, religious, and political tensions.
43
What is Japan referred to as in the context of modernization?
Anomaly of anomalies ## Footnote This phrase highlights Japan's unique position in modernizing while maintaining traditional elements.
44
What significant event in 1945 affected Japan's political structure?
Japan’s WW II defeat and recovery, where the U.S. forced Japan to accept a new constitution and territorial adjustments ## Footnote This led to significant political and social changes in Japan.
45
In how many decades did Japan surpass the U.S. in various industries after World War II?
Four decades ## Footnote This rapid growth was notable in automobile and consumer electronics industries.
46
Which economies are referred to as the Asian Tigers?
Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan, Singapore ## Footnote These economies are noted for their rapid industrialization and economic growth, inspired by Japan's economic model.
47
Fill in the blank: Japan modernized while maintaining _______.
traditional elements
48
True or False: Japan's modernization is similar to that of Western countries.
False ## Footnote Japan's modernization occurred in a unique context, blending modern and traditional aspects.
49
What industries did Japan surpass the U.S. in after its recovery?
Automobile, consumer electronics, and other high-technology industries ## Footnote This showcases Japan's technological advancements and industrial prowess.
50
What is meant by Japan sitting on a 'tectonic powder keg'?
Japan is located in a seismically active region prone to earthquakes and volcanic activity. ## Footnote This phrase highlights the potential for significant geological events due to tectonic plate movements.
51
What fraction of Japan is cultivated agriculturally?
1/8 ## Footnote This indicates that a small portion of Japan's land is used for farming.
52
How are farmers in Japan supported?
Farmers are heavily subsidized and protected. ## Footnote This support helps maintain agricultural production despite limited arable land.
53
What is the current population density situation in Japan?
Japan has a high population density. ## Footnote This contributes to various social and economic challenges.
54
How does Japan conduct business?
Buy low, sell high, apply advanced technology. ## Footnote This strategy reflects Japan's approach to maintaining competitiveness in the global market.
55
Where does Japan's economy rank globally?
Among the wealthiest in the world. ## Footnote Despite its wealth, Japan faces ongoing economic challenges.
56
What current economic condition is Japan experiencing?
Mired in economic slump. ## Footnote This indicates persistent economic stagnation despite high wealth rankings.
57
What period did Japan undergo economic reshaping after WWII?
1945–52 ## Footnote This period included significant reforms and legislation.
58
What key legislation was introduced in Japan post-WWII?
Labor legislation ## Footnote This legislation aimed to improve workers' rights and conditions.
59
What document was established in Japan during the post-WWII transformation?
Constitution ## Footnote The new constitution included key civil rights protections.
60
What reform was implemented regarding land in Japan after WWII?
Land reform ## Footnote This aimed to redistribute land to reduce feudal structures.
61
What role did the U.S. play in Japan's post-WWII transformation?
U.S. 'Helping Hand' ## Footnote The U.S. provided economic and political support during this period.
62
What is the current trend in Japan's population growth?
Negative rate of population growth ## Footnote This trend has raised concerns about a 'population implosion.'
63
Is Japan's current 'population implosion' considered a serious threat?
Yes ## Footnote Experts are debating the potential long-term impacts on society and economy.
64
What factors contribute to strained relations between China and Japan?
Clashing interests, historical memory, cultural friction ## Footnote These factors complicate diplomatic interactions and public perception.
65
What historical event involved the U.S. and ended with a UN cease-fire?
Korean War (1950-53) ## Footnote The Korean War was a conflict between North Korea and South Korea, with significant involvement from the United States and other UN forces.
66
What percentage of the Korean Peninsula does North Korea occupy?
55% ## Footnote Despite having a larger land area, North Korea has a smaller population compared to South Korea.
67
What percentage of the korean peninsula population resides in North Korea?
1/3 ## Footnote This indicates that a significant portion of the Korean population lives in South Korea.
68
Describe the state of North Korea's economy.
Extremely rural and outdated state enterprises ## Footnote North Korea's economy is characterized by underdevelopment and reliance on outdated industries.
69
What percentage of the land does South Korea occupy?
45% ## Footnote South Korea has a smaller land area compared to North Korea but a larger population.
70
What fraction of the population is found in South Korea?
2/3 ## Footnote This indicates that the majority of the Korean population lives in South Korea.
71
How is South Korea's economy characterized?
Highly urbanized with modern factories ## Footnote South Korea has developed a robust industrial economy with advanced technology.
72
What was Korea's status before the Korean War?
Dependency of China, colony of Japan ## Footnote Korea was influenced by both Chinese and Japanese powers prior to its division.

GEO 120 (11 decks)

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