Easter Rising 1916 Flashcards
(127 cards)
1
Q
Who was Sir Edward Grey
A
Foreign Secretary
2
Q
When did Sir Edward Grey announce to the HoC that Britain was preparing for war with Germany
A
3 August 1914
3
Q
What did Redmond spontaneously do after Sir Edward Grey’s announcement
A
A Commons speech in which he pledged Ireland’s support for the war
4
Q
Who was not contactable for Redmond on making the decision to pledge Ireland’s support for the war
A
Dillon and Devlin
5
Q
Who thought that the Bachelor’s Walk Incident and subsequent funerals made Redmond’s gesture impossible for the Irish to support
A
T P O’Connor
6
Q
Redmond offered Irish support for the war partly because of Ireland’s link to ?
A
Belgium
7
Q
What does historian Maume say is one of Redmond’s reasons for pledging Irish support for the war
A
result of a “moral debt” from Britain passing HR
8
Q
What did Redmond write to Asquith the day after his Commons speech
A
If the HR bill was postponed, “the result will. be disastrous, I will not be able to hold the people”
9
Q
When did Asquith formally announce his intentions to put HR on the statute books w/ a suspensory act
A
15 Sep 1914
10
Q
Asquith clarified that the HR bill wouldn’t come into effect until which 2 things happened
A
- war ended
- the question of Ulster had been settled by an amending bill
11
Q
15 Sep 1914, B-L returned a bitter speech accusing the govt of ?. After the speech, all the opposition ?
A
betraying unionists
marched out of the HoC
12
Q
When was the HR bill put on the statute books
A
18 Sep 1914
13
Q
How did Sir Edward Grey describe Ireland during WW1
A
“the one bright spot in this very dreadful situation”
14
Q
When was Redmond’s Woodenbridge speech
A
20 Sep 1914
15
Q
Redmond made his Woodenbridge speech to a group of ?
A
East Wicklow Volunteers
16
Q
What is the key quote/appeal from Redmond’s wooden bridge speech
A
appealed to Volunteers to serve
“not only in Ireland, but wherever the firing line extends”
17
Q
What was the immediate impact of Redmond’s wooden bridge speech
A
a split in the Irish Volunteers
18
Q
When did a special meeting of the original committee members under Eoin MacNeill meet to consider Woodenbridge
A
24 Sep 1914
19
Q
How many members of the original IVF committee repudiated Redmond’s new Woodenbridge policy
A
20 out of 27
20
Q
How many National Volunteers were there after Woodenbridge
A
160 000
21
Q
How many Irish Volunteers were there after Woodenbridge
A
12 000
22
Q
Who did the National Volunteers support
A
Redmond
23
Q
Who did the Irish Volunteers support
A
Eoin MacNeill
24
Q
By Woodenbridge, how was Redmond simply acting as if HR was already in place
A
under terms HR act, decisions on ‘peace and war’ would be made by the Westminster parliament
25
What old fenian maxim prompted the use of British distraction with the European conflict for a rebellion
"England's difficulty is Ireland's opportunity"
26
The uneven split in the Irish Volunteers allowed the IRB to ?
infiltrate and manipulate the IVF
27
What did Redmond say summer 1915
"there is nothing more certain in this world that as soon as the war ends Ireland will enter into the enjoyment of her inheritance"
28
In the months following Woodenbridge, Redmond's National Volunteers kept busy by doing which 2 things
1. popular succession of Sunday parades
2. new committee elected w Redmond president with a weekly newspaper titled "The National Volunteer"
29
After the outbreak of WW1, who became the Secretary of State for War
Lord Kitchener
30
Which 2 people met with Kitchener to discuss the treatment of the Ulster Volunteers
Carson and Craig
31
Carson and Craig offered to provide Kitchener ?
at least one division of trained men from the UVF
32
What did Carson and Craig successfully insist to Kitchener about the treatment of the Ulster Volunteers
that the men be kept together as a fighting unit
title "Ulster" added to the divisions official name
33
Which division were Ulster Volunteers put in
36th Ulster Division
34
What did Redmond initially ask of Kitchener regarding the treatment of Irish Volunteers
that they only be deployed in Ireland
35
Why did Redmond change his mind about letting Irish volunteers fight "wherever the firing line extends"
keen to match Carson and gratitude HR
36
What did Redmond failingly request of Kitchener in regards to the treatment of Irish Volunteers
A distinct Irish division with emblems, badges and officers
37
what division did Irish Volunteers identify most strongly with
16th (Irish) division
38
By 1 Nov 1914, how many National Volunteers had enlisted
16 500
39
by what date had 16 500 national volunteers enlisted
1 Nov 1914
40
What % IVF were the enlisted National volunteers
90%
41
Historian Geoghegan says that National Volunteers were sent to places where ?
their loyalty would be tested
42
Where did Redmond enjoy overwhelming support
rural Ireland
43
In Dublin, how many out of how many Nat volunteers supported MacNeill
2000 out of 6700
44
When was there an IRB supreme council meeting which agreed to use Br's distraction WW1 to stage a rebellion
August 1914
45
Who was the chief of staff of the IVF
Eoin MacNeill
46
What 2 groups did MacNeill's Irish Volunteers separate into
Constitutional Separatists
IRB
47
Who led the Constitutional separatists
Eoin MAcNEill
48
Were the Constitutional separatists violent
no
49
What was the aim of the constitutional separatists
maintain a readiness to insist on the implementation of HR after the war
50
Up to Aug 1915, how many men enlisted in the National Volunteers
25 000
51
Which historian said that the IPP were "left in limbo" after the govt decision to put HR on the statute books
Rees
52
many IPP MPs were aging figures who had earned their stripes during the ?
agrarian struggle
53
the IPP's resolution of the land prob had weakened the bond between the party and the ?
old tenant farming class
54
What was the UIL
United Irish League, the IPP's political machine
55
How many by-elections did the IPP win in between outbreak WW1 and ER
8
56
When was the Easter Rising
24 April 1916
57
For constitutional separatists, HR was the first step to ?
complete independence from Britain
58
How did Eoin MAcNeill describe HR being put on the statute book
a "cheque continually post-dated"
59
When did Asquith form his wartime coalition govt
May 1915
60
Why did Redmond refuse the cabinet position offered to him by Asquith
IPP tradition of Independent Parliamentary action
61
Redmond ultimately apologised for his decision to refuse a cabinet position, saying what
"more sorry than words can express"
62
Asquith's decision to give which 2 people positions in the coalition govt served as a serious setback to Redmond
Carson and Bonar Law
63
The IRB insisted that Redmond's support for the war did what
'diluted' his nationalism
64
What public fear was reinforced by huge casualties on the Western front
public fear of conscription
65
war curtailed emigration, with what effect
emigration had previously served as a safety valve by removing the most dissatisfied elements from Irish society. These men were now drawn to more radical groups such as the IRB
66
How does historian Mansreagh criticise Redmond and IPP leadership
says that they made no preparation for the transfer of devolved powered and failed to demand the implementation of HR
67
Carson's undermining of Redmond and the IPP had what effect on Nationalists
gave a boost to radical Nationalism
68
What does Laffan say about Carson
That Carson "reignited the fenian flame"
69
Carson's actions in forming the UVF, obtaining 25 000 rifles from G and making preparations w the uVF too lead a rebellion against Asquith's govt, led MacNeill to do what
form the IVF
70
What did MacNeill's formation of the IVF implicitly criticise
Redmond's constitutional nationalism
71
When did MacNeill form the IVF
November 1913
72
What was MacNeill rejecting in his article "What the North Began"
Redmond's constitutional nationalism
73
What article did MacNeill write
"What the North Began"
74
When did MacNeill publish his article "What the North Began"
1 Nov 1913
75
What did Rees say Carsonism had done
"convert a significant number of Home Rulers into radical Nationalists, whilst simultaneously breathing life into the IRB organisation"
76
With what statement did Pearse encapsulate the thinking behind Carsonism
"The only thing more ridiculous than an Orangemen with a gun is a nationalist without one"
77
Who brought the gun back into Irish politics
Carson
78
Define New Nationalism
the romantic vision of a free and Gaelic-speaking Ireland
79
What kind of men did the Gaelic League attract
young men who felt politically excluded from the IPP
80
From which group did the Irish revolutionary elite emerge
Gaelic League
81
Pearse in his article "the Coming Revolution: made reference to the vital role of the G-L by saying what
men had an "ulterior motive in joining the Gaelic League"
82
Which 2 IRB revolutionaries exerted pressure on the Gaelic League to be more political
Tom Clarke
Sean MacDiarmada
83
In 1915, Douglas Hyde resigned his
Presidency of the Gaelic League
84
When was the constitution of the G-L changed to devote itself to a "free Gaelic speaking Ireland"
summer 1915
85
How many ER signatories had a NN background
4 out of 7
86
What does Lyons say about NN
it created an "atmosphere" for the rising to take place
87
the IRB were a marginalised and weak organisation until what
the formation of the IVF Nov 1913
88
What did historian Foy say about Tom Clarke
Clarke was the true leader of the Rising
89
Clarke supported northern militants such as which 3 people
Hobson
MacDiarmada
McCullough
90
Which ER signatory typified the indomitable fenian spirit
Tom Clarke
91
How many IVF committee members were IRB
12 out of 30
92
why did Clarke stop talking to Hobson
Hobson had accepted Redmond's leadership of the IVF in June 1914
93
What role did Clarke have in the IVF
the treasurer
94
What role did MacDiarmada have in the IVF
the secretary
95
What role did Pearse have in the IVF
Director of Military Organisation
96
what role did MacDonagh have in the IVF
Director of training
97
What role did Plunkett have in the IVF
Director of Military Operations
98
MacNeill, ? and ? underestimated the IRB
Hobson and the O'Rahillys
99
The IRB executive consisted of which 3 people
Clarke
MacDiarmada
McCullough
100
What did Clarke and MacDiarmada decide despite typical IRB beliefs
they would plan a successful rising without popular support
101
Foster described the signatories of ER as a
"minority within a minority"
102
When was the IRB Military Committee appointed
May 1915
103
Which 3 people did the IRB Military Committee consist of
Pearse
Plunkett
Ceannt
104
Obsessively secret, the Military committee liaised with which 2 people
Clarke
MacDiarmada
105
What was the purpose of the IRB's military committee
to make detailed plans for a Rising
106
In Sep 1915, the Military council was formed. Which 5 people did it consist of
Clarke
MacDiarmada
Pearse
Plunkett
Ceannt
107
When was McCullough added to the Military Council
2 weeks before the Rising
108
The IRB Military group represented the fusion of ? with ?
the traditional physical force republicans with the younger romantic revolutionaries, inspired by G-L
109
What 2 consequences arose from there being no reference to the Supreme Council of the IRB in the decision making of the Rising
- no informers
- ultimate confusion w/in the IRB
110
Which three groups did the IRB infilitrate
Irish Volunteers
GAA
G-L
111
Where did the IRB import guns from
Germany
112
The IRB made contact w republicans who lived where
America
113
Which 3 heroes which were synonymous w martyrdom in the cause of Ireland did Patrick Pearse borderline worship
Cuchulainn
Tone
Emmett
114
Patrick Pearse saw Ireland's struggle for redemption in terms of
Christ's sacrifice at Calvary
115
Why was ER done on Easter Sunday
Pearse and other signatories ER were imbued w Catholic mysticism
116
At whose funeral and what year did Patrick Pearse make his "the fools, the fools, the fools, they have left us our fenian dead" speech
American O'Donovan Rossa's 1915
117
Who was the chief strategist of the ER
Plunkett
118
Which ER signatory went to Germany to try and convince them to invade Ireland
Plunkett
119
Which ER signatory was the most intellectually gifted of the writer revolutionaries
MacDonagh
120
Which ER signatory was known as an hibernicised Marxist
James Connolly
121
What was James Connolly's objective for ER
a socialist republic
122
James Connolly threw himself into what campaign
anti-recruiting campaign for the capitalist war
123
Connolly had planned a rising himself using what group as manpower
200 strong ICA (Irish Citizen Army)
124
When did Connolly have a series of secret meetings with the IRB Military Council
19-22 Jan 1916
125
How did Connolly influence Patrick Pearse
Pearse included references to social and economic goals in the ER proclamation
126
When was the 'Aud Ship' which was bringing weapons from G for ER captured
20 April 1916
127
What historian says that "once the German rifles had been captured there was no military justification for proceeding with the rising, and the theme of blood sacrifice became all the more important"
Lyons
